{"id":73,"date":"2018-10-23T05:28:32","date_gmt":"2018-10-23T05:28:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mgmtp09.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=73"},"modified":"2018-10-26T06:47:19","modified_gmt":"2018-10-26T06:47:19","slug":"tourism-entrepreneurship","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/chapter\/tourism-entrepreneurship\/","title":{"rendered":"Tourism Entrepreneurship"},"content":{"raw":"<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Learning Outcome<\/strong>\r\n\r\nAfter completing this module students will be able to:\r\n\r\na. Understand the concept of Tourism &amp; Tourism Entrepreneurship\r\n\r\nb. Need of Tourism Entrepreneurship\r\n\r\nc. Importance of Tourism Entrepreneurship\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">2. Introduction<\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Today Tourism is not only one of the fastest growing industry but also the biggest job provider as globalization has significantly changed the scenario of <\/span>Tourism<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> industry. This sector has shifted from air travel, overnights etc to the entire experiences associated with the tourism destinations. This new observable fact is not only influenced by the rising income levels but also by the new way of life and a new generation of tourists. Increasingly, people travel worldwide to have a <\/span>life enriching<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> experience of culture, outdoors and learning. This drift provides the people with <\/span>altogether<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> new type of tourist who wants to get inside the destination by meeting the locals and want to learn about the cultures and the communities. This new trend provides new opportunities for the tourism sector with the increasing number of Domestic as well as International tourists. Though demand is increasing <\/span>but<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> there is <\/span>mismatch<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> between demand and supply as we do not have sufficient tourism professionals to match the demand. So, there is the need of tourism entrepreneurship so that the available local opportunities can be sought right on the time and to make India a more attractive Tourist destination. <\/span>Irony<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> of the tourism is that tourism and entrepreneurship, except few exceptions, remains deviating themes that are not considered the way they should <\/span>be,<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> so that they can be made one and synergies can be drawn out of them. So, there is a need <\/span>of<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> the strategies which take together both the themes and make it together, tourism entrepreneurship.<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">3. Concept of Tourism<\/strong><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Tourism is a social, cultural and economic occurrence which involves the movement of people to countries or places outside their normal surroundings for personal or business\/professional reasons. Such people are called visitors (which may be either tourists or excursionists; residents or non-residents) and tourism has to do with their activities, some of which imply tourism expenditure. It can also be defined as the <\/span><em style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201cActivities of the individuals traveling to and accommodating in places outside their normal<\/em> <em style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">surroundings for not more than one successive year for vacation, trade and other reasons not linked to the activity related to the place visited.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">There are different branches of tourism:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Inbound international tourism: It can be defined as the visits to a country by nonresidents of that country.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Outbound international tourism: When the residents of a country visit to other countries, it is called <\/span>as<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> outbound international Tourism.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Domestic tourism: When the residents of the country visit their own country, it is called <\/span>as<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> Domestic Tourism.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">I<\/span><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">nternal tourism: It is the visit by the residents and <\/span>non residents<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> within the country i.e the combination of domestic and inbound international tourism.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">National tourism: It is the visit by the residents of a country within their own country and to other countries i.e the combination of domestic and outbound international tourism.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u00a0 \u00a0 E.g.. India:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Inbound -&gt; domestic -&gt; outbound<\/span>\r\n\r\nChina-Ind : HP-Kerala :<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> Ind-Japan<\/span>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>4. Components of Tourism:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">There are five components of Tourism which are also called as 5 A\u2019s of tourism industry:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Accessibility: It refers to the ability for tourists to reach the destination. This comprises transportation, which needs to be frequently scheduled, economical, safe and comfortable. The important modes of transportation are road, rail, air and water transport.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Accommodation:\u00a0\u00a0 It means tourists have a place to stay and food to eat on reaching at<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> the destination. It can be of two types: Primary accommodations and Secondary accommodations. Primary accommodations include hotels, Resorts, Heritage Hotels etc. and Secondary accommodations include Motels, Youth Hostels, Holiday centers etc.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Attraction: It means that a place visited should have appeal that forces tourist to visit. Two types: Natural attractions and Man- made attractions. Natural attractions include: climate, mountains, beaches etc and man \u2013 made attractions include theme parks, museum, historical monuments etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Amenities: these are the basic facilities that every tourist takes for granted and are supposed to be provided. E.g: drinking water, telecommunications, roads, public toilets etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Activities: these are the entertainments available for the tourists in an area. It can also be natural and artificial. Natural activities include sea bathing, possibility<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> of fishing etc. and artificial activities include entertainment parks, water parks etc.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a05.\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Types of tourism:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nDifferent types of Tourism in India are following:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Heritage tourism: India is rich in heritage, so heritage tourism in India is probable. India\u2019s magnificent past and cultural diversity make a strong blend which draws millions of tourists each year to its heritage tourist attractions. Heritage tourism in India has also increased due to the interest of many foreigners in the temples and heritage sites of India. Heritage tourism India has developed in recent years but there is capacity for further growth which can be achieved through mutual efforts of the government of India and the tourism boards.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Ecotourism; Ecotourism involves travelling<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> to the places that are known for their natural beauty and social <\/span>culture,<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> while making sure not to damage the environmental balance. Ecotourism concerns about the diversity of the naturally gifted place and maintaining its beauty and cultural heritage. The government of India has set up the Ministry of Tourism and Culture to support ecotourism in India along with other types of tourism.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Adventure tourism: Adventure tourism has recently developed in India. This involves journeying of remote areas and exotic locales. Tourists prefer to go to Ladakh, Sikkim, Himalayas<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> for\u00a0<\/span>trekking. They come to Himachal Pradesh and Jammu Kashmir for various skiing activities. Water rafting is also attracting people to places like Uttaranchal.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Wildlife tourism: India has a rich forest cover which has some beautiful and wonderful species of wildlife \u2013 some of which are very rare. This has increased wildlife tourism in India. There are 502 wildlife sanctuaries in India, promoting wildlife tourism.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Pilgrimage Tourism: India is a land of different religions and is probably best<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> destination for any kind of person following any faith around the world. There are many places in India which are considered holy by people of diverse faith because of their spiritual significance. People come from all around the world to see the religious serenity of the country.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 6.\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Tourism Entrepreneurship:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Tourism Enterprises refers to the business projects related to the tourism which work on the certain business principles. Sinclair and Stabler (1997) have defined the tourism enterprise as \u201ca mixture of products comprising of accommodation, natural resources, catering, transport, entertainment and other amenities and services, such as tour operators, shops and banks.\u201d A person or a group of persons who are producing and managing tourism products are called as tourism entrepreneurs. Tourism entrepreneurs should possess all the characteristics of an entrepreneur along with the service sector expertise.<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">According to Shaw and Williams (2002), the service sector proficiency involves two elementary objects: \u201cOne is related to the profitable structure of the industry (particularly the supremacy of few activity components and possession groups), while the second concern to an understanding of the general association of financial authority structures.\u201d<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Therefore, tourism entrepreneurship can be defined as the process of creating idea associated with tourism and thus using expert skill and competencies to expand a new business or to broaden an existing business to generate employment, wealth and social goodwill. In other words, tourism entrepreneurship refers to the events of the most important group of stake-holders of the service sector mostly planned to meet the demands and supply of the tourism and at the very same time to achieve the competitive professionalism and gainful socio-economic status.<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">In simple words, it includes all the activities concerned with forming and operating legal tourism business. A legal tourism business does not include the types of tourism or tourism related activities which are not in favour of normally acknowledged laws of the Land. For example, in India, drug trafficking, wildlife hunting, flesh-trading (prostitution), etc. are treated as unlawful and prohibited therefore, do not come under the scope of tourism businesses.<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Tourism entrepreneurship provides helps in overall economic development and a boost for local resources and utilizing the local resources to the fullest.<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>7. Developing Tourism Entrepreneurship in India<\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">It is a well known fact that today a country like India is full of the tourism opportunities; though we were little slow at the beginning in promoting India as a tourism destination. After the Independence, Tourism Industry<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> was not given the preference and in the First Planning Commission, <\/span>tourism<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> industry is ranked at 269th in the list of priority industries which is too lowest.<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">During <\/span>Post independence<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">, the important issues like agriculture &amp; infrastructure were given due importance and tourism sector was ignored as it was supposed to be luxury affordable by few, although the tourists coming to India were near about 15,000.<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Things have not changed much over the past decades. During <\/span>third<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> five year plan (1961-66) tourism got approximately 0.11% of the total plan outlay. In the Eighth Plan (1992-1997), it was Rs 272 crores \u2013 but still 0.11% of the total plan outlay. From the time when the concept of tourism has emerged, Tourism growth has taken place with a very reasonable rate in <\/span>few<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> countries. Today, tourism has developed as <\/span>the tourism<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> has emerged as the largest industry of the world with <\/span>large<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> number of opportunities.<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">At Present, it reports to 8% of the world trade and approximately 20% of <\/span>service<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> sector in the world and has assisted nations in development from backward to developing to developed. For example, <\/span>tourism<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> industry adds to more than 70% of the national income of few countries like Singapore and Malaysia.<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">The World Tourism Organization (WTO) has estimated that within 10 years period, <\/span>tourism<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> industry will generate 385 million jobs internationally and if India also generates employment at par as world average, 25 million additional jobs will be generated in the country.<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">But the growth of tourism in India has so far at a very low and is indicated by its insignificant share to national income and to the world trade (Bezbaruah 2001). While tourism assists to more than 70% in the national income of some of the countries like Malaysia and Singapore, its share to the national income of India is yet very low at 2.5%.<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Though India has around 15% of the world population with its 2.5% of the world territory, it shares only 0.40% of the world tourism market. In 2006, India has <\/span>47th<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> place out of the top 60 tourist places <\/span>of<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> the world. The unfortunate circumstances of the Indian tourism are not due to lack of tourism potential, but due to non-utilization of the plenty tourism <\/span>potential<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> she is blessed with (Bhatia 1978).<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">The World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) have recognized the potential of India for tourism growth as: \u201cIndia has <\/span>prospective<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> to turn out to be the number one tourist destination in the world with the demand increasing at 10.1% per annum.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Although Tourism has not developed to that extent in India but still helps in earning Foreign exchange and this sector is <\/span>third<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> largest foreign exchange earner after gem and <\/span>jewellery<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> and readymade garments. The travel and tourism sector chains 18 million jobs in India or 5.9% of total employment and accounts for 5.6% of the gross domestic production (GDP). The travel and tourism demand in India amounts to Rs 1200 billion and by 2010 will reach Rs 6,200 billion. It would grow an annual rate of 8.3%, more than double the global forecast of 4.1%.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Following are <\/span>the some<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> facts and figures about the Indian tourism:<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-76 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp09.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/10\/Untitled-21.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"510\" \/>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n(source: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.yourarticlelibrary.com\/essay\/developing-tourism-entrepreneurship-in%20india\/41108\/\">http:\/\/www.yourarticlelibrary.com\/essay\/developing-tourism-entrepreneurship-in india\/41108\/<\/a>)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Following are some more features of the Indian tourism industry representing its important role in the national economy:<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>a)\u00a0<\/strong>There is 12.7% rise in coming of foreign tourists to India within one year from 2006 to 2007. In 2006, Indian tourist industry had seen a growth of 14.3 per cent, which reached around 3.89 million in 2007.<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>b)\u00a0<\/strong>The arrival of the foreign tourist\u2019s led to a tremendous growth in the foreign exchange earnings which increased from US$ 5.03 billion during January-October 2006 to US$ 6.32 billion during January-October 2007, which is a 25.6 per cent rise.<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>c)\u00a0<\/strong>Nonetheless, the outbound chart of tourism industry in India is in equality to the inbound one. People journeying from India to abroad or domestic tourism have increased by 25 per cent. The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) has projected the outbound tourists to arrive at around 50 million by the year 2020.<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Understanding the potential of tourism development in the country, the Government of India has given stable importance to tourism development and thus, a tourism cell was created in the Department of Transport in 1949.It was a beginning of the formation of a separate Ministry of Tourism under the charge\u00a0<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">of a Cabinet Minister In sixties. Afterward, an inclusive tourism policy stressing the objectives of tourism development in the country was disseminated by the Government of India in 1982. Tourism was given a status of the Industry in 1986, thus entitled for several incentives and benefits including tax incentives, subsidies <\/span>and<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> priority in the sanctions of loans by the State Financial Institutions. It was also declared as the priority sector for foreign investment in <\/span>July,<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> 1991.<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">The Government of India is giving due importance to the tourism sector and is declaring separate Tourism policies to further boost the tourism in the <\/span>country ,like<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> other Third World Nations, because of the two major reasons. First, tourism <\/span>need<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> smaller capital investments and also does not require any industrial gestation period. Second, it can provide employment to a large number of populations covering skilled to unskilled. In addition, It also offers multiple benefits:<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">To list a few, it facilitates us to:<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">(i)\u00a0 Encourage economic development;<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">(ii)\u00a0 Develop our lives with rich experiences;<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">(iii)\u00a0 To gain respect for other (foreign) cultures; and<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">(v)\u00a0 Helps in international cooperation and peace all over the world.<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Tourism is an important activity and because of Domestic and International, the economic benefits are enormous. Some of the countries are completely dependent on tourism sector for their survival. Therefore there must be <\/span>growth<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> of tourism entrepreneurship so that tourism potential can be used for the economic development of the country.<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">8.\u00a0 <\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Importance of Tourism Entrepreneurship:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Employment opportunities: It helps in providing employment opportunities to <\/span>large<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> population covering from skilled to unskilled, as it is a <\/span>labour<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> intensive industry<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Foreign Exchange: It helps in Generating foreign exchange for the country and is third<span style=\"font-size: 1em;text-align: initial\"> largest earner of foreign exchange to India.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Income Generation: As it has a wide potential and helps in attracting large<span style=\"font-size: 1em;text-align: initial\"> number of tourists, therefore it increasing income.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Increase in Gross National Product: As income increases, therefore. It adds to the gross national product and thus helps in increasing GNP.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Infrastructure development: It helps in building<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> of roads railways <\/span>etc ,thus<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> encourages <\/span>infrastructural<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> development<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Diversification of the economy: Tourism Entrepreneurs can be linked with local products and resources and thus helps in diversifying the economy<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Government Revenues: It helps in increasing governmental revenues by generating profits.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Standard of living: Tourism Entrepreneurship helps in improving the quality of the life because of the higher level of income and thus leads to improved standards of living<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Preservation of Heritage &amp; Tradition: Tourism helps in reinforcing preservation of heritage and tradition so that large number of the tourists can be attracted.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Enhancement of cultural heritage: Visitor\u2019s interest in local culture offer employment for artists, musicians, and other performing artists, thus helps in enhancing the cultural heritage<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Enhancement of local facilities: Tourism entrepreneur provides tourists the basic amenities and recreational facilities that may be used by a local population<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Favourable image: Tourism helps in breaking down language barriers, socio cultural barriers, class barriers, racial barriers, political barriers, and religious barriers and thus creates a favourable worldwide image for a destination.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">International peace &amp; cooperation: It promotes a global community by supporting international understanding and peace all over the world.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<ol start=\"9\">\r\n \t<li><strong>Summary:<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">India is rich in heritage and thus can attract large<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> number of <\/span>the tourists<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> all over the world. Tourism has developed recently to a great extent but <\/span>still<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> there is <\/span>large<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> scope in India. There is a lot to explore in India. Tourism has a major economic impact on the country, as it helps in generating foreign exchange, employment <\/span>and<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> income but this economic impact can be generated only if the tourism resources will be explored. So, for the proper utilization of the tourism a resource there is a dire need of the Tourism entrepreneurs who can make use of the local resources to the fullest. Thus, tourism Entrepreneurship can bring new life to the tourism of the country and thus helping in more foreign exchange and contributing to the economic development of the country.<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"textLayer\">\r\n<div><strong>Learn More<\/strong><\/div>\r\n<div><strong>Few important sources to learn more about\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Tourism\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Entrepreneurship:<\/strong><\/div>\r\n<div><\/div>\r\n<div>1. Michael Rimmington, C. W. (2004). Entrepreneurship in the Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Industries.<\/div>\r\n<div>elsievier ltd.<\/div>\r\n<div><\/div>\r\n<div>2. Stephen Page, J. A. (2009). Tourism and Entrepreneurship: International Perspectives. elsievier ltd.<\/div>\r\n<div><\/div>\r\n<div>3. Stephen Page, J. C. (2006). Tourism: A Modern Synthesis.\u00a0thomson learning.<\/div>\r\n<div><\/div>\r\n<div>4. http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/book\/9780750686358<\/div>\r\n<div><\/div>\r\n<div>5. http:\/\/www.tsi.url.edu\/img\/user\/content\/file\/1630__311.pdf<\/div>\r\n<div><\/div>\r\n<div>6. https:\/\/www.scribd.com\/doc\/20995282\/Tourism-Entrepreneurship<\/div>\r\n<div><\/div>\r\n<div>7. http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/download?doi=10.1.1.198.9732&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf<\/div>\r\n<div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"annotationLayer\"><\/div>","rendered":"<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Learning Outcome<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>After completing this module students will be able to:<\/p>\n<p>a. Understand the concept of Tourism &amp; Tourism Entrepreneurship<\/p>\n<p>b. Need of Tourism Entrepreneurship<\/p>\n<p>c. Importance of Tourism Entrepreneurship<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">2. Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Today Tourism is not only one of the fastest growing industry but also the biggest job provider as globalization has significantly changed the scenario of <\/span>Tourism<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> industry. This sector has shifted from air travel, overnights etc to the entire experiences associated with the tourism destinations. This new observable fact is not only influenced by the rising income levels but also by the new way of life and a new generation of tourists. Increasingly, people travel worldwide to have a <\/span>life enriching<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> experience of culture, outdoors and learning. This drift provides the people with <\/span>altogether<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> new type of tourist who wants to get inside the destination by meeting the locals and want to learn about the cultures and the communities. This new trend provides new opportunities for the tourism sector with the increasing number of Domestic as well as International tourists. Though demand is increasing <\/span>but<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> there is <\/span>mismatch<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> between demand and supply as we do not have sufficient tourism professionals to match the demand. So, there is the need of tourism entrepreneurship so that the available local opportunities can be sought right on the time and to make India a more attractive Tourist destination. <\/span>Irony<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> of the tourism is that tourism and entrepreneurship, except few exceptions, remains deviating themes that are not considered the way they should <\/span>be,<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> so that they can be made one and synergies can be drawn out of them. So, there is a need <\/span>of<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> the strategies which take together both the themes and make it together, tourism entrepreneurship.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">3. Concept of Tourism<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Tourism is a social, cultural and economic occurrence which involves the movement of people to countries or places outside their normal surroundings for personal or business\/professional reasons. Such people are called visitors (which may be either tourists or excursionists; residents or non-residents) and tourism has to do with their activities, some of which imply tourism expenditure. It can also be defined as the <\/span><em style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201cActivities of the individuals traveling to and accommodating in places outside their normal<\/em> <em style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">surroundings for not more than one successive year for vacation, trade and other reasons not linked to the activity related to the place visited.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">There are different branches of tourism:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Inbound international tourism: It can be defined as the visits to a country by nonresidents of that country.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Outbound international tourism: When the residents of a country visit to other countries, it is called <\/span>as<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> outbound international Tourism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Domestic tourism: When the residents of the country visit their own country, it is called <\/span>as<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> Domestic Tourism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">I<\/span><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">nternal tourism: It is the visit by the residents and <\/span>non residents<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> within the country i.e the combination of domestic and inbound international tourism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">National tourism: It is the visit by the residents of a country within their own country and to other countries i.e the combination of domestic and outbound international tourism.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u00a0 \u00a0 E.g.. India:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Inbound -&gt; domestic -&gt; outbound<\/span><\/p>\n<p>China-Ind : HP-Kerala :<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> Ind-Japan<\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Components of Tourism:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">There are five components of Tourism which are also called as 5 A\u2019s of tourism industry:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Accessibility: It refers to the ability for tourists to reach the destination. This comprises transportation, which needs to be frequently scheduled, economical, safe and comfortable. The important modes of transportation are road, rail, air and water transport.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Accommodation:\u00a0\u00a0 It means tourists have a place to stay and food to eat on reaching at<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> the destination. It can be of two types: Primary accommodations and Secondary accommodations. Primary accommodations include hotels, Resorts, Heritage Hotels etc. and Secondary accommodations include Motels, Youth Hostels, Holiday centers etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Attraction: It means that a place visited should have appeal that forces tourist to visit. Two types: Natural attractions and Man- made attractions. Natural attractions include: climate, mountains, beaches etc and man \u2013 made attractions include theme parks, museum, historical monuments etc.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Amenities: these are the basic facilities that every tourist takes for granted and are supposed to be provided. E.g: drinking water, telecommunications, roads, public toilets etc.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Activities: these are the entertainments available for the tourists in an area. It can also be natural and artificial. Natural activities include sea bathing, possibility<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> of fishing etc. and artificial activities include entertainment parks, water parks etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a05.\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Types of tourism:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Different types of Tourism in India are following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Heritage tourism: India is rich in heritage, so heritage tourism in India is probable. India\u2019s magnificent past and cultural diversity make a strong blend which draws millions of tourists each year to its heritage tourist attractions. Heritage tourism in India has also increased due to the interest of many foreigners in the temples and heritage sites of India. Heritage tourism India has developed in recent years but there is capacity for further growth which can be achieved through mutual efforts of the government of India and the tourism boards.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Ecotourism; Ecotourism involves travelling<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> to the places that are known for their natural beauty and social <\/span>culture,<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> while making sure not to damage the environmental balance. Ecotourism concerns about the diversity of the naturally gifted place and maintaining its beauty and cultural heritage. The government of India has set up the Ministry of Tourism and Culture to support ecotourism in India along with other types of tourism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Adventure tourism: Adventure tourism has recently developed in India. This involves journeying of remote areas and exotic locales. Tourists prefer to go to Ladakh, Sikkim, Himalayas<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> for\u00a0<\/span>trekking. They come to Himachal Pradesh and Jammu Kashmir for various skiing activities. Water rafting is also attracting people to places like Uttaranchal.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Wildlife tourism: India has a rich forest cover which has some beautiful and wonderful species of wildlife \u2013 some of which are very rare. This has increased wildlife tourism in India. There are 502 wildlife sanctuaries in India, promoting wildlife tourism.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Pilgrimage Tourism: India is a land of different religions and is probably best<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> destination for any kind of person following any faith around the world. There are many places in India which are considered holy by people of diverse faith because of their spiritual significance. People come from all around the world to see the religious serenity of the country.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 6.\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Tourism Entrepreneurship:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Tourism Enterprises refers to the business projects related to the tourism which work on the certain business principles. Sinclair and Stabler (1997) have defined the tourism enterprise as \u201ca mixture of products comprising of accommodation, natural resources, catering, transport, entertainment and other amenities and services, such as tour operators, shops and banks.\u201d A person or a group of persons who are producing and managing tourism products are called as tourism entrepreneurs. Tourism entrepreneurs should possess all the characteristics of an entrepreneur along with the service sector expertise.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">According to Shaw and Williams (2002), the service sector proficiency involves two elementary objects: \u201cOne is related to the profitable structure of the industry (particularly the supremacy of few activity components and possession groups), while the second concern to an understanding of the general association of financial authority structures.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Therefore, tourism entrepreneurship can be defined as the process of creating idea associated with tourism and thus using expert skill and competencies to expand a new business or to broaden an existing business to generate employment, wealth and social goodwill. In other words, tourism entrepreneurship refers to the events of the most important group of stake-holders of the service sector mostly planned to meet the demands and supply of the tourism and at the very same time to achieve the competitive professionalism and gainful socio-economic status.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">In simple words, it includes all the activities concerned with forming and operating legal tourism business. A legal tourism business does not include the types of tourism or tourism related activities which are not in favour of normally acknowledged laws of the Land. For example, in India, drug trafficking, wildlife hunting, flesh-trading (prostitution), etc. are treated as unlawful and prohibited therefore, do not come under the scope of tourism businesses.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Tourism entrepreneurship provides helps in overall economic development and a boost for local resources and utilizing the local resources to the fullest.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. Developing Tourism Entrepreneurship in India<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">It is a well known fact that today a country like India is full of the tourism opportunities; though we were little slow at the beginning in promoting India as a tourism destination. After the Independence, Tourism Industry<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> was not given the preference and in the First Planning Commission, <\/span>tourism<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> industry is ranked at 269th in the list of priority industries which is too lowest.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">During <\/span>Post independence<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">, the important issues like agriculture &amp; infrastructure were given due importance and tourism sector was ignored as it was supposed to be luxury affordable by few, although the tourists coming to India were near about 15,000.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Things have not changed much over the past decades. During <\/span>third<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> five year plan (1961-66) tourism got approximately 0.11% of the total plan outlay. In the Eighth Plan (1992-1997), it was Rs 272 crores \u2013 but still 0.11% of the total plan outlay. From the time when the concept of tourism has emerged, Tourism growth has taken place with a very reasonable rate in <\/span>few<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> countries. Today, tourism has developed as <\/span>the tourism<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> has emerged as the largest industry of the world with <\/span>large<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> number of opportunities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">At Present, it reports to 8% of the world trade and approximately 20% of <\/span>service<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> sector in the world and has assisted nations in development from backward to developing to developed. For example, <\/span>tourism<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> industry adds to more than 70% of the national income of few countries like Singapore and Malaysia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">The World Tourism Organization (WTO) has estimated that within 10 years period, <\/span>tourism<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> industry will generate 385 million jobs internationally and if India also generates employment at par as world average, 25 million additional jobs will be generated in the country.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">But the growth of tourism in India has so far at a very low and is indicated by its insignificant share to national income and to the world trade (Bezbaruah 2001). While tourism assists to more than 70% in the national income of some of the countries like Malaysia and Singapore, its share to the national income of India is yet very low at 2.5%.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Though India has around 15% of the world population with its 2.5% of the world territory, it shares only 0.40% of the world tourism market. In 2006, India has <\/span>47th<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> place out of the top 60 tourist places <\/span>of<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> the world. The unfortunate circumstances of the Indian tourism are not due to lack of tourism potential, but due to non-utilization of the plenty tourism <\/span>potential<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> she is blessed with (Bhatia 1978).<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">The World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) have recognized the potential of India for tourism growth as: \u201cIndia has <\/span>prospective<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> to turn out to be the number one tourist destination in the world with the demand increasing at 10.1% per annum.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Although Tourism has not developed to that extent in India but still helps in earning Foreign exchange and this sector is <\/span>third<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> largest foreign exchange earner after gem and <\/span>jewellery<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> and readymade garments. The travel and tourism sector chains 18 million jobs in India or 5.9% of total employment and accounts for 5.6% of the gross domestic production (GDP). The travel and tourism demand in India amounts to Rs 1200 billion and by 2010 will reach Rs 6,200 billion. It would grow an annual rate of 8.3%, more than double the global forecast of 4.1%.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Following are <\/span>the some<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> facts and figures about the Indian tourism:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-76 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp09.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/10\/Untitled-21.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/10\/Untitled-21.png 768w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/10\/Untitled-21-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/10\/Untitled-21-65x43.png 65w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/10\/Untitled-21-225x149.png 225w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/10\/Untitled-21-350x232.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>(source: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.yourarticlelibrary.com\/essay\/developing-tourism-entrepreneurship-in%20india\/41108\/\">http:\/\/www.yourarticlelibrary.com\/essay\/developing-tourism-entrepreneurship-in india\/41108\/<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Following are some more features of the Indian tourism industry representing its important role in the national economy:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>a)\u00a0<\/strong>There is 12.7% rise in coming of foreign tourists to India within one year from 2006 to 2007. In 2006, Indian tourist industry had seen a growth of 14.3 per cent, which reached around 3.89 million in 2007.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>b)\u00a0<\/strong>The arrival of the foreign tourist\u2019s led to a tremendous growth in the foreign exchange earnings which increased from US$ 5.03 billion during January-October 2006 to US$ 6.32 billion during January-October 2007, which is a 25.6 per cent rise.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>c)\u00a0<\/strong>Nonetheless, the outbound chart of tourism industry in India is in equality to the inbound one. People journeying from India to abroad or domestic tourism have increased by 25 per cent. The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) has projected the outbound tourists to arrive at around 50 million by the year 2020.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Understanding the potential of tourism development in the country, the Government of India has given stable importance to tourism development and thus, a tourism cell was created in the Department of Transport in 1949.It was a beginning of the formation of a separate Ministry of Tourism under the charge\u00a0<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">of a Cabinet Minister In sixties. Afterward, an inclusive tourism policy stressing the objectives of tourism development in the country was disseminated by the Government of India in 1982. Tourism was given a status of the Industry in 1986, thus entitled for several incentives and benefits including tax incentives, subsidies <\/span>and<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> priority in the sanctions of loans by the State Financial Institutions. It was also declared as the priority sector for foreign investment in <\/span>July,<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> 1991.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">The Government of India is giving due importance to the tourism sector and is declaring separate Tourism policies to further boost the tourism in the <\/span>country ,like<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> other Third World Nations, because of the two major reasons. First, tourism <\/span>need<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> smaller capital investments and also does not require any industrial gestation period. Second, it can provide employment to a large number of populations covering skilled to unskilled. In addition, It also offers multiple benefits:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">To list a few, it facilitates us to:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">(i)\u00a0 Encourage economic development;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">(ii)\u00a0 Develop our lives with rich experiences;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">(iii)\u00a0 To gain respect for other (foreign) cultures; and<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">(v)\u00a0 Helps in international cooperation and peace all over the world.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Tourism is an important activity and because of Domestic and International, the economic benefits are enormous. Some of the countries are completely dependent on tourism sector for their survival. Therefore there must be <\/span>growth<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> of tourism entrepreneurship so that tourism potential can be used for the economic development of the country.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">8.\u00a0 <\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Importance of Tourism Entrepreneurship:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Employment opportunities: It helps in providing employment opportunities to <\/span>large<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> population covering from skilled to unskilled, as it is a <\/span>labour<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> intensive industry<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Foreign Exchange: It helps in Generating foreign exchange for the country and is third<span style=\"font-size: 1em;text-align: initial\"> largest earner of foreign exchange to India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Income Generation: As it has a wide potential and helps in attracting large<span style=\"font-size: 1em;text-align: initial\"> number of tourists, therefore it increasing income.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Increase in Gross National Product: As income increases, therefore. It adds to the gross national product and thus helps in increasing GNP.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Infrastructure development: It helps in building<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> of roads railways <\/span>etc ,thus<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> encourages <\/span>infrastructural<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> development<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Diversification of the economy: Tourism Entrepreneurs can be linked with local products and resources and thus helps in diversifying the economy<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Government Revenues: It helps in increasing governmental revenues by generating profits.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Standard of living: Tourism Entrepreneurship helps in improving the quality of the life because of the higher level of income and thus leads to improved standards of living<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Preservation of Heritage &amp; Tradition: Tourism helps in reinforcing preservation of heritage and tradition so that large number of the tourists can be attracted.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Enhancement of cultural heritage: Visitor\u2019s interest in local culture offer employment for artists, musicians, and other performing artists, thus helps in enhancing the cultural heritage<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Enhancement of local facilities: Tourism entrepreneur provides tourists the basic amenities and recreational facilities that may be used by a local population<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Favourable image: Tourism helps in breaking down language barriers, socio cultural barriers, class barriers, racial barriers, political barriers, and religious barriers and thus creates a favourable worldwide image for a destination.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">International peace &amp; cooperation: It promotes a global community by supporting international understanding and peace all over the world.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<ol start=\"9\">\n<li><strong>Summary:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">India is rich in heritage and thus can attract large<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> number of <\/span>the tourists<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> all over the world. Tourism has developed recently to a great extent but <\/span>still<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> there is <\/span>large<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> scope in India. There is a lot to explore in India. Tourism has a major economic impact on the country, as it helps in generating foreign exchange, employment <\/span>and<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> income but this economic impact can be generated only if the tourism resources will be explored. So, for the proper utilization of the tourism a resource there is a dire need of the Tourism entrepreneurs who can make use of the local resources to the fullest. Thus, tourism Entrepreneurship can bring new life to the tourism of the country and thus helping in more foreign exchange and contributing to the economic development of the country.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"textLayer\">\n<div><strong>Learn More<\/strong><\/div>\n<div><strong>Few important sources to learn more about\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Tourism\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Entrepreneurship:<\/strong><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>1. Michael Rimmington, C. W. (2004). Entrepreneurship in the Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Industries.<\/div>\n<div>elsievier ltd.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>2. Stephen Page, J. A. (2009). Tourism and Entrepreneurship: International Perspectives. elsievier ltd.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>3. Stephen Page, J. C. (2006). Tourism: A Modern Synthesis.\u00a0thomson learning.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>4. http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/book\/9780750686358<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>5. http:\/\/www.tsi.url.edu\/img\/user\/content\/file\/1630__311.pdf<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>6. https:\/\/www.scribd.com\/doc\/20995282\/Tourism-Entrepreneurship<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>7. http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/download?doi=10.1.1.198.9732&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"annotationLayer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"menu_order":9,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":["shivani-mahajan"],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[59],"license":[],"class_list":["post-73","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","contributor-shivani-mahajan"],"part":3,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/73","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/73\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":291,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/73\/revisions\/291"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/73\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=73"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=73"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp09\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=73"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}