{"id":24,"date":"2018-10-11T05:58:34","date_gmt":"2018-10-11T05:58:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=24"},"modified":"2022-01-06T12:20:59","modified_gmt":"2022-01-06T12:20:59","slug":"introduction-to-hrm-meaning-definition-scope-objectives-and-functions-of-human-resource-management","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/chapter\/introduction-to-hrm-meaning-definition-scope-objectives-and-functions-of-human-resource-management\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction to HRM: Meaning, definition, scope, objectives and functions of Human Resource Management"},"content":{"raw":"<div><span style=\"float: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/Y0RXoLsFxD8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img src=\"http:\/\/epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/download.png\" alt=\"epgp books\" width=\"75px\" height=\"75px;\" \/><\/a>\r\n<\/span><\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Learning Outcome:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">After completing this module the students will be able to:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Understand the meaning and definition of<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">HRM. What is the scope of HRM.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Describe the Objectives of HRM.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Understand the functions of HRM.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img class=\"wp-image-31 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"375\" height=\"234\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><sub>Source:https:\/\/encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSyhBbVnMmrAZiGAC6Ue_--ZW3d9pW3QyDJjIPR3WZWJYkhy1NdRQ<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Why name human resource management?<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Human<\/span>:<\/em><\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> refer to the skilled workforce in the <\/span>organisation<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Resource<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"><strong>:<\/strong> refer to limited availability or scarce.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>Management<\/em><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>:<\/em><\/span><\/strong> refer to <\/span>maximise<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> or proper <\/span>utilisation<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> and make <\/span>best<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> use of limited and a scarce resource.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">The success of any organization depends upon how it manages its resources. While several resources are<\/span>the non<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">-<\/span>humanresource<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> such as land, capital, <\/span><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">and<\/span><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> equipment, it is the human resource and its management<\/span><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> which is at the heart of an organization\u2019s success.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Human Resource (HR) refers to all the people who work in an organization called <strong><em>personnel<\/em><\/strong>. Human Resource Management refers to the organizational function which includes practices that help the organization to deal effectively with its people during the various phases of the employment cycle. HRM is management function concerned with hiring, motivating, and maintaining people in an organisation. It focuses on people in the organisation.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"wp-image-48 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"576\" height=\"310\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><sub>Source : http:\/\/thesis.tcdhalls.com\/images\/hrm-thesis.jpg<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"indent no-indent\"><em>1.1 According to Lawrence Appley, \u201cWorking with, for and through people is the way in which a manager accomplishes his job. Maintaining good human resources is a Manager\u2019s responsibility. Providing human satisfaction from work output and relationship is a Manager\u2019s obligation.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"indent no-indent\"><em>1.2 In the words of Mr. NR Narayana Murthy, Chairman Emeritus, Infosys, \"You must treat your employees with respect and dignity because in the most automated factory in the world, you need the power of human mind. That is what brings in innovation. If you want high quality minds to work for you, then you must protect the respect and dignity.\"<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"indent no-indent\"><em>1.3 In the words of John F. Kennedy, \u201cOur progress as a nation can be no swifter than our progress in education. The human mind is our fundamental resource.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Meaning and Definition<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-align: initial; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1em;\">Essentially, the Human Resource Management (HRM) is a management function that deals with recruiting, selecting, training and developing human resource in an organization. It\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 isconcerned with the\"people\u201d dimension in management. It includes activities focusing on the effective use of human resources in an organization. It is concerned with thedevelopment of a highly motivated and smooth\u00a0functioning workforce. It also includes planning, acquiring, developing, utilising and maintaining \u2018human resources\u2019 in theachievement of organizational goals.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><em>3.1 According to <strong>Edwin B. Flippo<\/strong>, \u201cHuman resource management is the planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance <\/em>and<em> separation of human resources to the end that individual, organizational and <\/em>societial<em> objectives are accomplished.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><em>3.2 <strong>The Indian Institute of Personnel Management<\/strong> defines HRM <\/em>as,<em> \u201cHuman resource management is a responsibility of all those who manage people as well as being a description of the work of those who are employed as specialists. It is that part of management which is concerned with people at work and with their relationships within an enterprise. It applies not only to industry and commerce but to all fields of employment.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><em>3.3 <span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">According to <\/span><strong style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">Tead and Metcaff<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">,<\/span> \u201cHuman resource management is the planning, supervision, direction and co-ordination of those activities of an organization which contribute to realising the definite purpose of that organization, with an animating spirit of co-operation and with a proper regard for the well-being of all the members of the organization.\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><em>3.4 <strong>Milkovich and Boudreau<\/strong> view HRM as, \u201cA series of integrated decisions that form the employment relationship; their quality contributes to the ability of the organizations and the employees to achieve their objective.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is thus clear that human resource management is a specialized knowledge and practice concerned with the management of human resources in an organization. It constitutes a significant activity of the management. It attracts and selects capable men, organises them in productive groups, develops their potential, gives them necessary motivation and maintains their high morale.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-49\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3..png\" alt=\"\" width=\"697\" height=\"413\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><sub><strong>Source: https:\/\/vacancycentre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/human-resource-management-malta-hr-consultancy.jpg<\/strong><\/sub><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">4.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">Scope of HRM<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">The scope of HRM is indeed vast. All major activities in the working life of a worker -from the time of his or her entry until he or she leaves- come under the purview of HRM.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-50\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"685\" height=\"514\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><sub><strong>Source: http:\/\/cf.ppt-online.org\/files\/slide\/l\/l1zGK5pQWmvhq3IjBEUfu8d2OgNT4nr7ta6xkD\/slide-19.jpg<\/strong><\/sub><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1. <\/em>According to <strong>Dale Yoder<\/strong>, the scope of human resource management consists of the following functions:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.1.\u00a0<\/em>Setting general and specific management policy for organisational relationships, and establishing and maintaining a suitable organisation for leadership and co-operation.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.2.\u00a0<\/em>Collective bargaining, contract negotiation, contract administration and grievance handling.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.3.\u00a0<\/em>Staffing the organisation, finding, getting and holding prescribed types and number of workers.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.4.\u00a0<\/em>Aiding in the self-development of employees at all levels providing opportunities for personal development and growth as well as for acquiring requisite skill and experience.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.5.\u00a0<\/em>Developing and maintaining motivation for workers by providing incentives.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.6.\u00a0<\/em>Reviewing and auditing manpower management in the organisation.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.7.\u00a0<\/em>Industrial relations research - carrying out studies designed to explain employee behavior<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">4.2. <\/em><strong style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">The Indian Institute of Personnel Management<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> has described the scope of human resource management into the following aspects:<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p class=\"indent no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>4.2.1. The Labour or Personnel Aspect: It is concerned with manpower planning, recruitment, selection, placement, induction, transfer, promotion, demotion, termination, training and development, layoff and retrenchment, wage and salary administration (remuneration), incentives, productivity, etc.<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"indent no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\r\n4.2.2. The Welfare Aspect: This aspect is concerned with working conditions and amenities such as canteens, creches, rest rooms, lunch rooms, housing, transport, education, medical help, health and safety, washing facilities, recreation and cultural facilities, etc.<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"indent no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\r\n4.2.3. The Industrial Relations Aspect: This is concerned with the company\u2019s relations with the employees. It includes union-management relations, joint consultation, negotiating, collective bargaining, grievance handling, disciplinary actions, settlement of industrial disputes, etc.\r\n<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">All the above aspects are concerned with human element in industry as distinct from the mechanical element.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-108\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/Untitled-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"383\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><sub>Source: https:\/\/bitsthoughtideas.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/01\/hrm1map_small.gif<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>5.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Objectives of HRM<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The primary objective of HRM is to ensure the availability of a competent and willing workforce to an organization. Apart from this, there are other objectives too.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Specifically, HRM objectives are four fold: societal, organisational, functional, and personal.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-106\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"357\" height=\"287\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><sub><strong>Figure 1 \u2013 Objectives of HRM<\/strong><\/sub><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>5.1. <\/em><strong>Societal Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: justify;\">The societal objectives are socially and ethically responsible for the needs and challenges of society. While doing so, they have to minimize the negative impact of such demands upon the organisation. The failure of organisations to use their resources for society\u2019s benefit in ethical ways may lead to restrictions. For example, the society may limit human resource decisions to laws that enforce reservation in hiring and laws that address discrimination, safety or other such areas of societal concern.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: left;\"><em>5.2. <\/em><strong>Organisational Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: justify;\">The organisational objectives recognise the role of human resource management in bringing about organisational effectiveness. Human resource management is not an in\u00a0 \u00a0 itself; it is only a means to assist the organisation with its primary objectives. Simply stated the human resource department exists to serve the rest of the organisation.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>5.3. <\/em><strong>Functional Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: justify;\">Functional objectives try to maintain the department\u2019s contribution at a level appropriate to the organisation\u2019s needs. Human resources are to be adjusted to suit the organisation \u2019s demands. The department\u2019s level of service must be tailored to fit the organisation it serves.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>5.4.<\/em> <strong>Personal Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: justify;\">Personal objectives assist employees in achieving their personal goals, at least in so far as these goals enhance the individual\u2019s contribution to the organisation. Personal objectives of employees must be met if they are to be maintained, retained and motivated. Otherwise, employee performance and satisfaction may decline giving rise to employee turnover.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>6.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Functions of HRM<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Human Resources management has an important role to play in equipping organizations to meet the challenges of an expanding and increasingly competitive sector. Increase in staff numbers, contractual diversification and changes in demographic profile which compel the HR managers to reconfigure the role and significance of human resources management.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Human Resource or Personnel Department is established in most of the organisations, under the charge of an executive known as Human Resource\/Personnel Manager. This department plays an important role in the efficient management of human resources.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Some of the major functions of human resource management are as follows:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Managerial Functions<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Operative Function<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Advisory Function<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-112\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/111.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"557\" height=\"599\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><sub><strong>Figure 2 \u2013 Functions of HRM<\/strong><\/sub><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1. <\/em><strong>Managerial Functions:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Human Resource Manager is a part of the organisational management. So he must perform the basic managerial functions of planning, organising, directing and controlling in relation to his department. These functions are briefly discussed below:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.1.\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><strong>Planning: <\/strong>To get things done through the subordinates, a manager must plan ahead. Planning is necessary to determine the goals of the organisation and lay down policies and procedures to reach the goals. For a human resource manager, planning means the determination of personnel programs that will contribute to the goals of the enterprise, i.e., anticipating vacancies, planning job requirements, job descriptions and determination of the sources of recruitment.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">The process of personnel planning involves three essential steps.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.1.1. <\/em>A supply and demand forecast for each job category is made. This step requires knowledge to both labour market conditions and the strategic posture and goals of the\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 organization.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><em>6.1.1.2. <\/em>Net shortage and excess of personnel by job category are projected for a specific time horizon.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><em>6.1.1.3. <\/em>Plans are developed to eliminate the forecast shortages and excess of particular categories of human resources.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.2.\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><strong>Organizing: <\/strong>Once the human resource manager has established objectives and developed plans and programs to reach them, he must design and develop organisation structure to carry out the various operations. The organisation structure basically includes the following:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.2.1. <\/em>Grouping of personnel activity logically into functions or positions;<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.2.2. <\/em>Assignment of different functions to different individuals;<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.2.3. <\/em>Delegation of authority according to the tasks assigned and responsibilities involved;<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.2.4. <\/em>Co-ordination of activities of different individuals.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.3.\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><strong>Directing: <\/strong>The plans are to be pure into effect by people. But how smoothly the plans are implemented depends on the motivation of people. The direction function of the personnel involved encouraging people to work willingly and effectively for the goals of the enterprise.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">In other words, the direction function is meant to guide and motivate the people to accomplish the personnel programs. The personnel manager can motivate the employees in an organisation through career planning, salary administration, ensuring employee\u00a0morale, developing cordial relationships and provision of safety requirements and welfare of employees.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The motivational function poses a great challenge for any manager. The personnel manager must have the ability to identify the needs of employees and the means and methods of satisfy those needs. Motivation is a continuous process as new needs and expectations emerge among employees when old ones are satisfied.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.4.<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Controlling: <\/strong>Controlling is concerned with the regulation of activities in accordance with the plans, which in turn have been formulated on the basis of the objectives of the organisation. Thus, controlling completes the cycle and leads back to planning. It involves the observation and comparison of results with the standards and correction of deviations that may occur.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Controlling helps the personnel manager to evaluate the control the performance of the personnel department in terms of various operative functions. It involves performance appraisal, critical examination of personnel records and statistics and personnel audit.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2. <\/em><strong>Operative Functions:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The operative functions are those tasks or duties which are specifically entrusted to the human resource or personnel department. These are concerned with employment, development, compensation, integration and maintenance of personnel of the organisation. The operative functions of human resource or personnel department are discussed below:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.1.<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Employment: <\/strong>The first operative function of the human resource of personnel department is the employment of proper kind and number of persons necessary to achieve the objectives of the organisation. This involves recruitment, selection, placement, etc. of the personnel.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Before these processes are performed, it is better to determine the manpower requirements both in terms of number and quality of the personnel. Recruitment and selection cover the sources of supply of labour and the devices designed to select the right type of people for various jobs. Induction and placement of personnel for their better performance also come under the employment or procurement function.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.2.<\/em>\u00a0 \u00a0<strong>Development:<\/strong> Training and development of personnel is a follow up of the employment function. It is a duty of management to train each employee property to develop technical skills for the job for which he has been employed and also to develop him for the higher jobs in the organisation. Proper development of personnel is necessary to increase their skills in doing their jobs and in satisfying their growth need.\r\nFor this purpose, the personnel departments will device appropriate training programs. There are several on- the-job and off-the-job methods available for training purposes. A good training program should include a mixture of both types of methods. It is important to point out that personnel department arranges for training not only of new employees but also of old employees to update their knowledge in the use of latest techniques.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.3.<\/em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<strong>Compensation<\/strong>: This function is concerned with the determination of adequate and equitable remuneration of the employees in the organisation of their contribution to the organisational goals. The personnel can be compensated both in terms of monetary as well as non-monetary rewards.\r\nFactors which must be borne in mind while fixing the remuneration of personnel are their basic needs, requirements of jobs, legal provisions regarding minimum wages, capacity of the organisation to pay, wage level afforded by competitors etc. For fixing the wage levels, the personnel department can make use of certain techniques like job evaluation and performance appraisal.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.4.<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Maintenance (Working Conditions and Welfare): <\/strong>Merely appointment and training of people is not sufficient; they must be provided with good working, conditions so that they may like their work and workplace and maintain their efficiency. Working conditions certainly influence the motivation and morale of the employees. These include measures taken for health, safety, and comfort of the workforce. The personnel department also provides for various welfare services which relate to the physical and social well-being of the employees. These may include provision of cafeteria, rest rooms, counseling, group insurance, education for children of employees, recreational facilities, etc.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.5.<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Motivation: <\/strong>Employees work in the organisation for the satisfaction of their needs. In many of the cases, it is found that they do not contribute towards the organisational goals as much as they can. This happens because employees are not adequately motivated. The human resource manager helps the various departmental managers to design a system of financial and non-financial rewards to motivate the employees.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.6.<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Personnel Records: <\/strong>The human resource or personnel department maintains the records of the employees working in the enterprise. It keeps full records of their training, achievements, transfer, promotion, etc. It also preserves many other records relating to the behaviour of personnel like absenteeism and labour turnover and the personnel programs and policies of the organisation.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.7.<\/em>\u00a0 \u00a0<strong> Industrial Relations:<\/strong> These days, the responsibility of maintaining good industrial relations is mainly discharged by the human resource manager. The human resource manager can help in collective bargaining, joint consultation and settlement of disputes, if the need arises. This is because of the fact that he is in possession of full information relating to personnel and has the working knowledge of various labour enactments.\r\nThe human resource manager can do a great deal in maintaining industrial peace in the organisation as he is deeply associated with various committees on discipline, labour welfare, safety, grievance, etc. He helps in laying down the grievance procedure to redress the grievances of the employees. He also gives authentic information to the trade union leaders and conveys their views on various labour problems to the top management.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 1em;\">6.2.8.<\/em><span style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 1em;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><strong style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 1em;\">Separation:<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 1em;\"> Since the first function of human resource management is to procure the employees, it is logical that the last should be the separation and return of that person to society. Most people do not die on the job. The <\/span>organisation<span style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 1em;\"> is responsible for meeting certain requirements of due process in separation, as well as assuring that the returned person is in as good shape as possible. The personnel manager has to ensure the release of retirement benefits to the retiring personnel in time.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.3. <\/em><strong>Advisory Functions:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Human resource manager has specialised education and training in managing human resources. He is an expert in his area and so can give advice on matters relating to human resources of the organisation. He offers his advice to:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.3.1.<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Advised to Top Management: <\/strong>Personnel manager advises the top management in formulation and evaluation of personnel programs, policies and procedures. He also gives advice for achieving and maintaining good human relations and high employee morale.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.3.2.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><strong>Advised to Departmental Heads: <\/strong>Personnel manager offers advice to the heads of various departments on matters such as manpower planning, job analysis and design,\u00a0 recruitment and selection, placement, training, performance appraisal, etc.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The functions are responsive to current staffing needs, but can be proactive in reshaping organizational objectives. All the functions of HRM are correlated with the core objectives of\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 HRM (Table 1).<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>For example-<\/strong> Personal objectives is sought to be realized through functions like remuneration, assessment etc.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 71.9879%; height: 372px;\" border=\"1\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 29px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 44.4888%; text-align: center; height: 29px;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\"><strong>HRM Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 55.5112%; text-align: center; height: 29px;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Supporting Functions<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 14px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 44.4888%; height: 14px;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Societal Objectives<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 55.5112%; height: 14px;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">1.Legal compliance2.Benefits3.Union Management relations<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 14px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 44.4888%; height: 14px;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Organizational Objectives<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 55.5112%; height: 14px;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">1.Human resource planning2.Employee relations3.Selection4.Training and development5.Appraisal6.Placement7.Assessment<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 14px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 44.4888%; height: 14px;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Functional Objectives<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 55.5112%; height: 14px;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">1.Appraisal2.Placement3.Assessment<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 14px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 44.4888%; height: 14px;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Personal Objectives<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 55.5112%; height: 14px;\">\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">1.Training2.Appraisal3.Placement4.Compensation5.Assessment<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><sub><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1-HRM Objectives and Functions<\/strong><\/sub><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img class=\"wp-image-107 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"661\" height=\"444\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><sub>Source:http:\/\/www.nicheconsulting.co.nz\/images\/HRM_impacts_on_bottomline_results.jpg.<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">7. <strong>Summary<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Human Resource Management is the management function that helps the managers to plan, recruit, select, train, develop, remunerate and maintain members for an organization.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Maintaining good human resources is the manager\u2019s responsibility. Providing human satisfaction from work output and relationship is a manager\u2019s obligation<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">The scope of HRM is very large. All major activities in the working life of a worker i.e. from the time of his or her entry until he or she leaves the organisation comes under the purview of HRM.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">HRM has four objectives of societal, organizational, functional and personal development.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\">HR manager performs three functions within organizations like managerial, operative and advisory functions<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>you can view video on Introduction to HRM<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/Y0RXoLsFxD8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-120\" src=\"http:\/\/epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/download.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"36\" height=\"36\" \/><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Books and References<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 Aswathappa, K. Human Resource Management. Tata McGraw-Hill.\r\n\u2022 Dessler, Varkkey. Human Resource Management. Pearson.\r\n\u2022 www.aast.edu\/...\/pdf_retreive.php?url...HRM12e_PPT...ppt..\r\n\u2022 lib.vcomsats.edu.pk\/library\/MGT450\/...\/LECTURE%201%20new.ppt<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/p>","rendered":"<div><span style=\"float: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/Y0RXoLsFxD8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/download.png\" alt=\"epgp books\" width=\"75px\" height=\"75px;\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Learning Outcome:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">After completing this module the students will be able to:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Understand the meaning and definition of<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\">HRM. What is the scope of HRM.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Describe the Objectives of HRM.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Understand the functions of HRM.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"375\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.png 781w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01-300x187.png 300w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01-768x480.png 768w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01-65x41.png 65w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01-225x141.png 225w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01-350x219.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><sub>Source:https:\/\/encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSyhBbVnMmrAZiGAC6Ue_&#8211;ZW3d9pW3QyDJjIPR3WZWJYkhy1NdRQ<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Why name human resource management?<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Human<\/span>:<\/em><\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> refer to the skilled workforce in the <\/span>organisation<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Resource<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"><strong>:<\/strong> refer to limited availability or scarce.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>Management<\/em><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>:<\/em><\/span><\/strong> refer to <\/span>maximise<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> or proper <\/span>utilisation<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> and make <\/span>best<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> use of limited and a scarce resource.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">The success of any organization depends upon how it manages its resources. While several resources are<\/span>the non<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">&#8211;<\/span>humanresource<span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> such as land, capital, <\/span><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">and<\/span><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> equipment, it is the human resource and its management<\/span><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> which is at the heart of an organization\u2019s success.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Human Resource (HR) refers to all the people who work in an organization called <strong><em>personnel<\/em><\/strong>. Human Resource Management refers to the organizational function which includes practices that help the organization to deal effectively with its people during the various phases of the employment cycle. HRM is management function concerned with hiring, motivating, and maintaining people in an organisation. It focuses on people in the organisation.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-48 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"576\" height=\"310\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.2.png 670w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.2-300x161.png 300w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.2-65x35.png 65w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.2-225x121.png 225w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.2-350x188.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><sub>Source : http:\/\/thesis.tcdhalls.com\/images\/hrm-thesis.jpg<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"indent no-indent\"><em>1.1 According to Lawrence Appley, \u201cWorking with, for and through people is the way in which a manager accomplishes his job. Maintaining good human resources is a Manager\u2019s responsibility. Providing human satisfaction from work output and relationship is a Manager\u2019s obligation.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"indent no-indent\"><em>1.2 In the words of Mr. NR Narayana Murthy, Chairman Emeritus, Infosys, &#8220;You must treat your employees with respect and dignity because in the most automated factory in the world, you need the power of human mind. That is what brings in innovation. If you want high quality minds to work for you, then you must protect the respect and dignity.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"indent no-indent\"><em>1.3 In the words of John F. Kennedy, \u201cOur progress as a nation can be no swifter than our progress in education. The human mind is our fundamental resource.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Meaning and Definition<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-align: initial; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1em;\">Essentially, the Human Resource Management (HRM) is a management function that deals with recruiting, selecting, training and developing human resource in an organization. It\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 isconcerned with the&#8221;people\u201d dimension in management. It includes activities focusing on the effective use of human resources in an organization. It is concerned with thedevelopment of a highly motivated and smooth\u00a0functioning workforce. It also includes planning, acquiring, developing, utilising and maintaining \u2018human resources\u2019 in theachievement of organizational goals.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><em>3.1 According to <strong>Edwin B. Flippo<\/strong>, \u201cHuman resource management is the planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance <\/em>and<em> separation of human resources to the end that individual, organizational and <\/em>societial<em> objectives are accomplished.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><em>3.2 <strong>The Indian Institute of Personnel Management<\/strong> defines HRM <\/em>as,<em> \u201cHuman resource management is a responsibility of all those who manage people as well as being a description of the work of those who are employed as specialists. It is that part of management which is concerned with people at work and with their relationships within an enterprise. It applies not only to industry and commerce but to all fields of employment.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><em>3.3 <span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">According to <\/span><strong style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">Tead and Metcaff<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">,<\/span> \u201cHuman resource management is the planning, supervision, direction and co-ordination of those activities of an organization which contribute to realising the definite purpose of that organization, with an animating spirit of co-operation and with a proper regard for the well-being of all the members of the organization.\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><em>3.4 <strong>Milkovich and Boudreau<\/strong> view HRM as, \u201cA series of integrated decisions that form the employment relationship; their quality contributes to the ability of the organizations and the employees to achieve their objective.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is thus clear that human resource management is a specialized knowledge and practice concerned with the management of human resources in an organization. It constitutes a significant activity of the management. It attracts and selects capable men, organises them in productive groups, develops their potential, gives them necessary motivation and maintains their high morale.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-49\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3..png\" alt=\"\" width=\"697\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3..png 919w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3.-300x178.png 300w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3.-768x455.png 768w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3.-65x39.png 65w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3.-225x133.png 225w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3.-350x208.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 697px) 100vw, 697px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><sub><strong>Source: https:\/\/vacancycentre.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/human-resource-management-malta-hr-consultancy.jpg<\/strong><\/sub><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">4.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">Scope of HRM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">The scope of HRM is indeed vast. All major activities in the working life of a worker -from the time of his or her entry until he or she leaves- come under the purview of HRM.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-50\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"685\" height=\"514\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3.png 1024w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3-65x49.png 65w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3-225x169.png 225w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.3-350x263.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 685px) 100vw, 685px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><sub><strong>Source: http:\/\/cf.ppt-online.org\/files\/slide\/l\/l1zGK5pQWmvhq3IjBEUfu8d2OgNT4nr7ta6xkD\/slide-19.jpg<\/strong><\/sub><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1. <\/em>According to <strong>Dale Yoder<\/strong>, the scope of human resource management consists of the following functions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.1.\u00a0<\/em>Setting general and specific management policy for organisational relationships, and establishing and maintaining a suitable organisation for leadership and co-operation.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.2.\u00a0<\/em>Collective bargaining, contract negotiation, contract administration and grievance handling.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.3.\u00a0<\/em>Staffing the organisation, finding, getting and holding prescribed types and number of workers.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.4.\u00a0<\/em>Aiding in the self-development of employees at all levels providing opportunities for personal development and growth as well as for acquiring requisite skill and experience.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.5.\u00a0<\/em>Developing and maintaining motivation for workers by providing incentives.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.6.\u00a0<\/em>Reviewing and auditing manpower management in the organisation.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>4.1.7.\u00a0<\/em>Industrial relations research &#8211; carrying out studies designed to explain employee behavior<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">4.2. <\/em><strong style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">The Indian Institute of Personnel Management<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\"> has described the scope of human resource management into the following aspects:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"indent no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>4.2.1. The Labour or Personnel Aspect: It is concerned with manpower planning, recruitment, selection, placement, induction, transfer, promotion, demotion, termination, training and development, layoff and retrenchment, wage and salary administration (remuneration), incentives, productivity, etc.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"indent no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em><br \/>\n4.2.2. The Welfare Aspect: This aspect is concerned with working conditions and amenities such as canteens, creches, rest rooms, lunch rooms, housing, transport, education, medical help, health and safety, washing facilities, recreation and cultural facilities, etc.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"indent no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em><br \/>\n4.2.3. The Industrial Relations Aspect: This is concerned with the company\u2019s relations with the employees. It includes union-management relations, joint consultation, negotiating, collective bargaining, grievance handling, disciplinary actions, settlement of industrial disputes, etc.<br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">All the above aspects are concerned with human element in industry as distinct from the mechanical element.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-108\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/Untitled-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"383\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/Untitled-1.png 550w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/Untitled-1-300x209.png 300w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/Untitled-1-65x45.png 65w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/Untitled-1-225x157.png 225w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/Untitled-1-350x244.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><sub>Source: https:\/\/bitsthoughtideas.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/01\/hrm1map_small.gif<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>5.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Objectives of HRM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The primary objective of HRM is to ensure the availability of a competent and willing workforce to an organization. Apart from this, there are other objectives too.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Specifically, HRM objectives are four fold: societal, organisational, functional, and personal.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-106\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"357\" height=\"287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.4.png 519w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.4-300x241.png 300w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.4-65x52.png 65w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.4-225x181.png 225w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.4-350x281.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 357px) 100vw, 357px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><sub><strong>Figure 1 \u2013 Objectives of HRM<\/strong><\/sub><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>5.1. <\/em><strong>Societal Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: justify;\">The societal objectives are socially and ethically responsible for the needs and challenges of society. While doing so, they have to minimize the negative impact of such demands upon the organisation. The failure of organisations to use their resources for society\u2019s benefit in ethical ways may lead to restrictions. For example, the society may limit human resource decisions to laws that enforce reservation in hiring and laws that address discrimination, safety or other such areas of societal concern.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: left;\"><em>5.2. <\/em><strong>Organisational Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: justify;\">The organisational objectives recognise the role of human resource management in bringing about organisational effectiveness. Human resource management is not an in\u00a0 \u00a0 itself; it is only a means to assist the organisation with its primary objectives. Simply stated the human resource department exists to serve the rest of the organisation.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>5.3. <\/em><strong>Functional Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: justify;\">Functional objectives try to maintain the department\u2019s contribution at a level appropriate to the organisation\u2019s needs. Human resources are to be adjusted to suit the organisation \u2019s demands. The department\u2019s level of service must be tailored to fit the organisation it serves.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>5.4.<\/em> <strong>Personal Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 60px; text-align: justify;\">Personal objectives assist employees in achieving their personal goals, at least in so far as these goals enhance the individual\u2019s contribution to the organisation. Personal objectives of employees must be met if they are to be maintained, retained and motivated. Otherwise, employee performance and satisfaction may decline giving rise to employee turnover.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>6.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Functions of HRM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Human Resources management has an important role to play in equipping organizations to meet the challenges of an expanding and increasingly competitive sector. Increase in staff numbers, contractual diversification and changes in demographic profile which compel the HR managers to reconfigure the role and significance of human resources management.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Human Resource or Personnel Department is established in most of the organisations, under the charge of an executive known as Human Resource\/Personnel Manager. This department plays an important role in the efficient management of human resources.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Some of the major functions of human resource management are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Managerial Functions<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Operative Function<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Advisory Function<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-112\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/111.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"557\" height=\"599\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/111.png 557w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/111-279x300.png 279w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/111-65x70.png 65w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/111-225x242.png 225w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/111-350x376.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 557px) 100vw, 557px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><sub><strong>Figure 2 \u2013 Functions of HRM<\/strong><\/sub><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1. <\/em><strong>Managerial Functions:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Human Resource Manager is a part of the organisational management. So he must perform the basic managerial functions of planning, organising, directing and controlling in relation to his department. These functions are briefly discussed below:<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.1.\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><strong>Planning: <\/strong>To get things done through the subordinates, a manager must plan ahead. Planning is necessary to determine the goals of the organisation and lay down policies and procedures to reach the goals. For a human resource manager, planning means the determination of personnel programs that will contribute to the goals of the enterprise, i.e., anticipating vacancies, planning job requirements, job descriptions and determination of the sources of recruitment.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">The process of personnel planning involves three essential steps.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.1.1. <\/em>A supply and demand forecast for each job category is made. This step requires knowledge to both labour market conditions and the strategic posture and goals of the\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 organization.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><em>6.1.1.2. <\/em>Net shortage and excess of personnel by job category are projected for a specific time horizon.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\"><em>6.1.1.3. <\/em>Plans are developed to eliminate the forecast shortages and excess of particular categories of human resources.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.2.\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><strong>Organizing: <\/strong>Once the human resource manager has established objectives and developed plans and programs to reach them, he must design and develop organisation structure to carry out the various operations. The organisation structure basically includes the following:<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.2.1. <\/em>Grouping of personnel activity logically into functions or positions;<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.2.2. <\/em>Assignment of different functions to different individuals;<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.2.3. <\/em>Delegation of authority according to the tasks assigned and responsibilities involved;<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.2.4. <\/em>Co-ordination of activities of different individuals.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.3.\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><strong>Directing: <\/strong>The plans are to be pure into effect by people. But how smoothly the plans are implemented depends on the motivation of people. The direction function of the personnel involved encouraging people to work willingly and effectively for the goals of the enterprise.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">In other words, the direction function is meant to guide and motivate the people to accomplish the personnel programs. The personnel manager can motivate the employees in an organisation through career planning, salary administration, ensuring employee\u00a0morale, developing cordial relationships and provision of safety requirements and welfare of employees.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The motivational function poses a great challenge for any manager. The personnel manager must have the ability to identify the needs of employees and the means and methods of satisfy those needs. Motivation is a continuous process as new needs and expectations emerge among employees when old ones are satisfied.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.1.4.<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Controlling: <\/strong>Controlling is concerned with the regulation of activities in accordance with the plans, which in turn have been formulated on the basis of the objectives of the organisation. Thus, controlling completes the cycle and leads back to planning. It involves the observation and comparison of results with the standards and correction of deviations that may occur.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Controlling helps the personnel manager to evaluate the control the performance of the personnel department in terms of various operative functions. It involves performance appraisal, critical examination of personnel records and statistics and personnel audit.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2. <\/em><strong>Operative Functions:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The operative functions are those tasks or duties which are specifically entrusted to the human resource or personnel department. These are concerned with employment, development, compensation, integration and maintenance of personnel of the organisation. The operative functions of human resource or personnel department are discussed below:<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.1.<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Employment: <\/strong>The first operative function of the human resource of personnel department is the employment of proper kind and number of persons necessary to achieve the objectives of the organisation. This involves recruitment, selection, placement, etc. of the personnel.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Before these processes are performed, it is better to determine the manpower requirements both in terms of number and quality of the personnel. Recruitment and selection cover the sources of supply of labour and the devices designed to select the right type of people for various jobs. Induction and placement of personnel for their better performance also come under the employment or procurement function.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.2.<\/em>\u00a0 \u00a0<strong>Development:<\/strong> Training and development of personnel is a follow up of the employment function. It is a duty of management to train each employee property to develop technical skills for the job for which he has been employed and also to develop him for the higher jobs in the organisation. Proper development of personnel is necessary to increase their skills in doing their jobs and in satisfying their growth need.<br \/>\nFor this purpose, the personnel departments will device appropriate training programs. There are several on- the-job and off-the-job methods available for training purposes. A good training program should include a mixture of both types of methods. It is important to point out that personnel department arranges for training not only of new employees but also of old employees to update their knowledge in the use of latest techniques.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.3.<\/em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<strong>Compensation<\/strong>: This function is concerned with the determination of adequate and equitable remuneration of the employees in the organisation of their contribution to the organisational goals. The personnel can be compensated both in terms of monetary as well as non-monetary rewards.<br \/>\nFactors which must be borne in mind while fixing the remuneration of personnel are their basic needs, requirements of jobs, legal provisions regarding minimum wages, capacity of the organisation to pay, wage level afforded by competitors etc. For fixing the wage levels, the personnel department can make use of certain techniques like job evaluation and performance appraisal.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.4.<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Maintenance (Working Conditions and Welfare): <\/strong>Merely appointment and training of people is not sufficient; they must be provided with good working, conditions so that they may like their work and workplace and maintain their efficiency. Working conditions certainly influence the motivation and morale of the employees. These include measures taken for health, safety, and comfort of the workforce. The personnel department also provides for various welfare services which relate to the physical and social well-being of the employees. These may include provision of cafeteria, rest rooms, counseling, group insurance, education for children of employees, recreational facilities, etc.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.5.<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Motivation: <\/strong>Employees work in the organisation for the satisfaction of their needs. In many of the cases, it is found that they do not contribute towards the organisational goals as much as they can. This happens because employees are not adequately motivated. The human resource manager helps the various departmental managers to design a system of financial and non-financial rewards to motivate the employees.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.6.<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Personnel Records: <\/strong>The human resource or personnel department maintains the records of the employees working in the enterprise. It keeps full records of their training, achievements, transfer, promotion, etc. It also preserves many other records relating to the behaviour of personnel like absenteeism and labour turnover and the personnel programs and policies of the organisation.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.2.7.<\/em>\u00a0 \u00a0<strong> Industrial Relations:<\/strong> These days, the responsibility of maintaining good industrial relations is mainly discharged by the human resource manager. The human resource manager can help in collective bargaining, joint consultation and settlement of disputes, if the need arises. This is because of the fact that he is in possession of full information relating to personnel and has the working knowledge of various labour enactments.<br \/>\nThe human resource manager can do a great deal in maintaining industrial peace in the organisation as he is deeply associated with various committees on discipline, labour welfare, safety, grievance, etc. He helps in laying down the grievance procedure to redress the grievances of the employees. He also gives authentic information to the trade union leaders and conveys their views on various labour problems to the top management.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 1em;\">6.2.8.<\/em><span style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 1em;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><strong style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 1em;\">Separation:<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 1em;\"> Since the first function of human resource management is to procure the employees, it is logical that the last should be the separation and return of that person to society. Most people do not die on the job. The <\/span>organisation<span style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 1em;\"> is responsible for meeting certain requirements of due process in separation, as well as assuring that the returned person is in as good shape as possible. The personnel manager has to ensure the release of retirement benefits to the retiring personnel in time.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.3. <\/em><strong>Advisory Functions:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Human resource manager has specialised education and training in managing human resources. He is an expert in his area and so can give advice on matters relating to human resources of the organisation. He offers his advice to:<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.3.1.<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Advised to Top Management: <\/strong>Personnel manager advises the top management in formulation and evaluation of personnel programs, policies and procedures. He also gives advice for achieving and maintaining good human relations and high employee morale.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>6.3.2.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><strong>Advised to Departmental Heads: <\/strong>Personnel manager offers advice to the heads of various departments on matters such as manpower planning, job analysis and design,\u00a0 recruitment and selection, placement, training, performance appraisal, etc.<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The functions are responsive to current staffing needs, but can be proactive in reshaping organizational objectives. All the functions of HRM are correlated with the core objectives of\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 HRM (Table 1).<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>For example-<\/strong> Personal objectives is sought to be realized through functions like remuneration, assessment etc.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 71.9879%; height: 372px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 29px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 44.4888%; text-align: center; height: 29px;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\"><strong>HRM Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 55.5112%; text-align: center; height: 29px;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Supporting Functions<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 14px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 44.4888%; height: 14px;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Societal Objectives<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 55.5112%; height: 14px;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\">1.Legal compliance2.Benefits3.Union Management relations<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 14px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 44.4888%; height: 14px;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Organizational Objectives<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 55.5112%; height: 14px;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\">1.Human resource planning2.Employee relations3.Selection4.Training and development5.Appraisal6.Placement7.Assessment<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 14px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 44.4888%; height: 14px;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Functional Objectives<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 55.5112%; height: 14px;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\">1.Appraisal2.Placement3.Assessment<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 14px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 44.4888%; height: 14px;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Personal Objectives<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 55.5112%; height: 14px;\">\n<p class=\"no-indent\">1.Training2.Appraisal3.Placement4.Compensation5.Assessment<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><sub><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1-HRM Objectives and Functions<\/strong><\/sub><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-107 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/mgmtp01.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"661\" height=\"444\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.5.png 390w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.5-300x202.png 300w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.5-65x44.png 65w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.5-225x151.png 225w, https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2018\/10\/01.5-350x235.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 661px) 100vw, 661px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><sub>Source:http:\/\/www.nicheconsulting.co.nz\/images\/HRM_impacts_on_bottomline_results.jpg.<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">7. <strong>Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Human Resource Management is the management function that helps the managers to plan, recruit, select, train, develop, remunerate and maintain members for an organization.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">Maintaining good human resources is the manager\u2019s responsibility. Providing human satisfaction from work output and relationship is a manager\u2019s obligation<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">The scope of HRM is very large. All major activities in the working life of a worker i.e. from the time of his or her entry until he or she leaves the organisation comes under the purview of HRM.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">HRM has four objectives of societal, organizational, functional and personal development.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"no-indent\">HR manager performs three functions within organizations like managerial, operative and advisory functions<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>you can view video on Introduction to HRM<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/Y0RXoLsFxD8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-120\" src=\"http:\/\/epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/download.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"36\" height=\"36\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Books and References<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 Aswathappa, K. Human Resource Management. Tata McGraw-Hill.<br \/>\n\u2022 Dessler, Varkkey. Human Resource Management. Pearson.<br \/>\n\u2022 www.aast.edu\/&#8230;\/pdf_retreive.php?url&#8230;HRM12e_PPT&#8230;ppt..<br \/>\n\u2022 lib.vcomsats.edu.pk\/library\/MGT450\/&#8230;\/LECTURE%201%20new.ppt<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"no-indent\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"author":3,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":["miss-garima-jain"],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[58],"license":[],"class_list":["post-24","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","contributor-miss-garima-jain"],"part":3,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/24","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/24\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":859,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/24\/revisions\/859"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/24\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=24"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=24"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/mgmtp01\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=24"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}