{"id":25,"date":"2019-09-02T04:51:52","date_gmt":"2019-09-02T04:51:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/icp05.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/?post_type=chapter&p=25"},"modified":"2019-09-02T05:11:04","modified_gmt":"2019-09-02T05:11:04","slug":"vedic-thought-1","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/icp05\/chapter\/vedic-thought-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Vedic Thought \u2013 1"},"content":{"raw":"
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1.\u00a0 <\/strong>Puru\u1e63\u0101rthas :<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

The Indian culture or \u0906\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943stands\u0924\u093f on four pillars - Dharma, Artha, K\u0101ma and Mok\u1e63a.<\/p>\r\n \r\n

These four are called Puru\u1e63\u0101rthas, which literally means \u2018the purposes of a person\u2019 (his life).<\/p>\r\n \r\n

The term \u2018Dharma<\/strong>\u2019 is pregnant with meaning and therefore does not tolerate any translation \u2018\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0947\u0905\u0928\u0947\u0928 \u0907\u0924\u093f \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0903\u2019-\u2018the one by which the universe is being upheld\u2019 - is the derivative meaning of the term \u2018\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f\u2019\u0964 Dhrama is universal, i.e. applicable to all, irrespective of caste \/ creed \/ religion. Dharma is not religion. Religion is applicable to a group of people. \u201c \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902 \u0935\u0926\u201d (speak the truth), \u2019 \u0905\u0924 \u0902\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0930\u0930\u094d\u094b \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0903\u2019(non-violence is the best Dharma) etc. are universal norms, i.e. to be followed by everybody in the universe for a peaceful and prosperous living. If people go against such norms then there will not be peace or prosperity.<\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u0938\u0928\u093e\u093f\u0928\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092for the eternal or immutable Dharma - is the one that consists of many tenets such as the above and it is protected thru ages by the people of this country thru uninterrupted tradition. Dharma has got direct connection with the trio, i.e. Artha, K\u0101ma and Mok\u1e63a.<\/p>\r\n \r\n

Artha <\/strong>means all the transactions involving money \/ wealth. San\u0101tanadharma prescribes that the Artha associated with Dharma only is acceptable.<\/p>\r\n \r\n

K\u0101ma <\/strong>refers to married life and San\u0101tanadharma prescribes that the K\u0101ma associated with Dharma only is acceptable.<\/p>\r\n \r\n

Mok\u1e63a, <\/strong>literally means \u2018relief\u2019, i.e. relief from the cycle of birth and death and \/ or relief from the worldly bindings. In other words it is just arresting the cycle of birth and death and \/ or merging the J\u012bv\u0101tm\u0101 with Param\u0101tm\u0101. One may try to attain Mok\u1e63a directly thru Dharma.<\/p>\r\n \r\n

Vedavy\u0101sa in Svarg\u0101roha\u1e47aparva (5-62) of Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata (also called the fifth Veda) exclaimed -\u090a\u0930\u094d\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092c\u093e\u0939\u0941\u0924\u0935\u092f\u0930\u094c\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0937 \u0928 \u0924 \u0915\u0924\u093f\u093f\u094d \u0936\u0943\u0923\u094b\u0924\u093f \u0930\u094d\u093e\u0930\u094d\u094d\u0964 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u093e\u092f\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u093f \u0938 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0903 \u0924\u0915\u0902\u093f\u0947\u0928?\u0938\u0947\u0935\u094d\u092f\u00a0<\/span>(with raised hands, I am shouting here - the best of Artha and K\u0101ma are available thru Dharma only. How come such a Dharma is not being practiced?)<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

It is not prescribed that one should follow Artha and K\u0101ma but left to personal \/ individual choice.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

But it is clearly stated that one should follow the \u0924\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u092f(the trio of \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f,\u0905\u0930\u094d\u092fand \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d ) without mutual hostility ( \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0930\u094d\u094d \u0905\u0928\u092a\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0927\u0902 \u0924\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0902- Ved\u0938\u0947\u0935\u0947\u093f\u0101rthaj \u0101nad\u012bpik\u0101 p.129).<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Kautalya in Artha\u015b\u0101stra (1-3-1) states that the \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092fprescribed in the three Vedas is useful for maintaining the Dharma of the four Var\u1e47as and the four \u0100\u015bramas -<\/span>\u090f\u0937 \u093f\u0930\u094d\u0940\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0903 \u091a\u093f\u0941\u0923\u093e\u0902 \u0935\u0923\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u094d\u094d \u0906\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0923\u093e\u0902 \u091a \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0930\u094d\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e\u093f\u094d \u0914\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0930\u0915\u0903<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

2. Var\u1e47as :<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Br\u0101hma\u1e47a, K\u1e63atriya, Vai\u015bya and \u015a\u016bdra - are called Var\u1e47as. Generally, the term \u2018caste\u2019 is used as a translation of Var\u1e47a but it is not faithful. In Spanish language \u2018custa\u2019 means group, whereas \u2018Var\u1e47a\u2019 has got a different connotation.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

The Var\u1e47a system is traced to Puru\u1e63as\u016bktam, that is found in all five Vedas. (\u1e5agveda 10-90, S\u0101maveda 617, Atharvaveda 19-6-1, \u015auklayajurveda (V\u0101jasaneyasamhit\u0101) 31-1, Taitthir\u012by\u0101ra\u1e47yakam (Yajurveda) 3-12-1) -<\/span>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092e\u0923\u094b\u2019\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0930\u094d\u0941\u0916\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0938\u0940\u093f\u094d \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0942 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0903 \u0915\u0943 \u093f\u0903 \u0964\u00a0<\/span>\u090a\u0930\u0942 \u093f\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0903 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u094d \u0936\u0942\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b \u0905\u091c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u093f \u0965<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Br\u0101ma\u1e47a was born out of Param\u0101tma\u2019s face, K\u1e63atriya from hands, Vai\u015bya from thighs and S\u016bdra from the feet.<\/span>Sm\u1e5btis (Dharma\u015b\u0101stras - codes of conduct) have prescribed different duties to different Var\u1e47as in order to maintain harmony in the society. \u015ar\u012bk\u1e5b\u1e63\u1e47a in Bhagavadg\u012bta (4-13) says that the c\u0101turvar\u1e47yam (the four Var\u1e47as) is created by him (\u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0903 \/ \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u0928\u094dfollowing) the virtues and karmas (actions) of people -\u00a0<\/span>\u091a\u093e\u093f\u0941\u0935\u092f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u094d\u092f\u0902 \u0930\u094d\u0930\u094d\u093e \u0938\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0902 \u0930\u094d\u0941\u0923\u0915\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0935\u092d\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0903<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

So var\u1e47a is not simply any group but a group with specific duties prescribed by \u015aruti (Veda) and Sm\u1e5bti (Dharma\u015b\u0101stram).<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Therefore Var\u1e47a is Var\u1e47a (untranslatable) but not caste - this is due to cultural difference.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

3.\u00a0 <\/strong>\u0100\u015bram<\/strong>as<\/strong> :<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Brahmacaryam (celibacy), G\u0101rhasthyam (house-hold life), V\u0101naprastham (living in a forest) and Samny\u0101sam (renouncing the world) - are the four \u0100sramas enumerated in \u015auklayajussamhita.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Brahmacaryam : <\/strong>Brahma means Veda. The one who learns Veda is a Brahmac\u0101ri ( \u092c\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u0923 \u091a\u0930\u093f\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0940)). After upanayanam (at the age of 8 years or so) the boy would join a Gurukulam (the premises of a Guru) and while learning and practicing Yoga (control upon mind, and sense organs, Dhy\u0101nam etc.) learns Veda and other Vidy\u0101sth\u0101nams. After completion of education the \u0938\u094d\u0928\u093e\u093f\u0915\u0935\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0930\u094d\u094d(like convocation) is performed and now the boy is ready to marry.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

G\u0101rhasthyam : <\/strong>After marriage ( \u0924\u0935\u0935\u093e ) the boy becomes G\u1e5bhastha. This \u0100\u015brama is for producing children and performing certain Dharmas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

The G\u1e5bhastha is the resort for the people of other thru \u0100\u015bramas, viz. Brahmacaryam, V\u0101naprastham and Samny\u0101sa.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

A G\u1e5bhastha has to offer food to Brahmac\u0101ris and Samny\u0101sins, perform yaj as, recieve guests (\u0906\u0924\u093f\u0925\u094d\u092f\u0930\u094d\u094d), raising children, maintaining livestock etc. The term G\u1e5bhastha means wife and husband as, as per Vedic culture, there cannot be two persons after marriage - Veda uses the term \u0905\u0927\u093e\u092f\u0919\u094d\u0917\u0940-<\/span>\u0905\u0927\u094b \u0935\u093e \u090f\u0937 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u094b \u0930\u094d\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940 ( \u092c\u0943 \u0926\u093e\u0930\u0930\u094d\u0923\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094b\u092a\u0924\u0928\u0937\u093f\u094d-4,-5)2<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Jaimini in P\u016brvam\u012bm\u0101ms\u0101 (6-1-4-17) rules that all the rites are to be performed together by Pati (husband) and Patn\u012b (wife) as both have equal importance ( \u0926\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0903 \u0938 \u093e\u0924\u0927\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0903 ) \u2013<\/span>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u094b\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0935\u091a\u0928\u093e\u093f\u094d \u0910\u0915\u0915\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u093f\u094d<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

P\u0101\u1e47ini, while analyzing the term \u2019\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940\u2019 rules \u2013 \u2018 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0928\u094b \u0930\u094d\u091c\u094d\u091e\u0938\u0902\u0930\u094d\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0947(\u0905\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0940 , 4-1-33) , which means all the rites have to be performed by \u092a\u0924\u093f and \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940 , together.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u0100pastamba in his \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0938\u0942\u093f\u0930\u094d\u094d(2-14-17-18) rules that after \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0923\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u0923\u0930\u094d\u094d(marriage) the \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940 shall partake in all rites and also in the results of \u092a\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0923\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0930\u094d\u092f(Pu\u1e47yam is opposite of \u092a\u093e\u092a\u0930\u094d\u094dor sin, it has no equivalent in English), i.e. \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940 shall not partake in the results of \u092a\u093e\u092a\u0915\u0930\u094d\u092f(sinister activity).<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

During \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0923\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u0923\u0930\u094d\u094d,the \u092a\u0924\u093f is asked to take an oath such as \u2013<\/span>\u0927\u0930\u094d\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0947\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0947\u091a \u091a \u0928\u093e\u0924\u093f\u091a\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0930\u094d\r\n<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

I shall not cross my limits in terms of \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f,\u0905\u0930\u094d\u092fand \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d with regard to my \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940 \u01c0 Therefore, the Vedic tradition clearly mandates that after \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0923\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u0923\u0930\u094d\u094d, the \u092a\u0924\u093f and \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940 will become \u0926\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0940 and they together have to perform all Karmas and also they have equal rights in terms of \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f , \u0905\u0930\u094d\u092fand \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d ( \u0930\u094d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937 is individual) .<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

V\u0101naprastha : <\/strong>Literally it means living in a forest. After the sons and daughters settled in life, one should concentrate on J \u0101nam and with or without \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940 should proceed to a forest and recite \u0100ra\u1e47yakam (a portion of Veda) there. Bh\u1e5bgu, the author of \u0930\u094d\u0928\u0941\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093fprescribes the rules and regulations of a \u0935\u093e\u0928\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0930\u094d (Manusm\u1e5bti, 6-2, 3) -<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u0930\u094d\u0943 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094d\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0930\u094d\u0926\u093e \u092a\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0947\u093f\u094d\u0935\u0932\u0940\u092a\u0924\u0932\u093f\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u0903 \u0964 \u0905\u092a\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u092f\u0948\u0935\u091a\u093e\u092a\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902 \u093f\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0930\u094d\u0923\u094d\u092f\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0930\u094d\u0947\u093f\u094d \u0965 \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0924\u094d\u092f\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0930\u094d\u093e \u093e\u0930\u0902 \u0938\u0935\u0902 \u091a\u0948\u0935 \u092a\u0930\u0930\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0926\u0930\u094d\u094d \u0964 \u092a\u0941\u093f\u0947\u0937\u0941 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0902 \u0924\u0928\u0924\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092a\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0928\u0902 \u0930\u094d\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u093f\u094d \u0938 \u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093e \u0965<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

A house-hold person (\u0930\u094d\u0943 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094d),when notices wrinkles and graying of hair as well as children of children then he should proceed to a forest. One should give up the village food such as rice, cereals etc. as well as the bed, cart etc. and having entrusted wife to sons or taking her along, should go to forest.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Samny\u0101sa : <\/strong>\u2018Samny\u0101sa\u2019 is an \u0100\u015brama by which one would attain \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u0930\u094d\u094dand consequently \u0930\u094d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937 , i.e. relief from the worldly \/ mundane bindings. Merging \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093e with \u092a\u0930\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093e in order to arrest the cycle of birth and death is also called \u0930\u094d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u01c0<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Yajurveda (\u093f\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0902\u09246-\u093f\u093e3-10) says that a Br\u0101ma\u1e47a is born with three debts, viz. \u090b\u0924\u0937 \u090b\u0923\u0930\u094d\u094d , \u0926\u0947\u0935 \u090b\u0923\u0930\u094d\u094dand\u0924\u092a\u093f\u0944\u0923\u0930\u094d\u094dand one has to clear these debts thru \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u091a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0930\u094d\u094d, and\u0930\u094d\u091c\u094d\u091e \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928\u0930\u094d\u094d (producing children), respectively ---<\/span>\u091c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0928\u094b \u0935\u0948 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092e\u0923\u0903 \u0924\u093f\u0924\u092d\u0903 \u090b\u0923\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0947 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u091a\u0930\u094d\u0947\u0923 \u090b\u0924\u0937\u092d\u094d\u092f\u094b \u0930\u094d\u091c\u094d\u091e\u0947\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0947\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0903 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u0930\u094d\u093e \u0924\u092a\u093f\u0943\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0903<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u092d\u0943\u0930\u094d\u0941\u0930\u094din \u0924\u0937\u092f\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0941\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f(6-35) rules that one has to clear the three debts and then only should fix his mind in \u0930\u094d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937 and if he did not clear the debts but tries for \u0930\u094d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937 then he will go to \u0928\u0930\u0915 (hell) -<\/span>\u090b\u0923\u093e\u0924\u0928 \u093f\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0923\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0915\u0943 \u0924\u094d\u092f \u0930\u094d\u0928\u094b \u0930\u094d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947 \u0924\u0928\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0930\u094d\u0947\u093f\u094d \u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u0905\u0928\u092a\u093e\u0915\u0943 \u0924\u094d\u092f \u0930\u094d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0902\u093f\u0941 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0928\u094b \u0935\u094d\u0930\u091c\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u0903 \u0965<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u092d\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0926\u094d\u0917\u0940\u093f\u093e (18-2) defines Samny\u0101sa as a situation in which the \u0915\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0930\u094d\u093e\u092f\u0924\u0923(the rites with some desire) are given up (but \u0924\u0928\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0928\u0948\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0915\u0930\u094d\u093e\u092f\u0924\u0923areperformed) \u2013<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u0915\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0923\u093e\u0902 \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0902 \u0915\u0935\u0930\u094d\u094b \u0924\u0935\u0926\u0941\u0903<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Vedas and related literature prescribe as to what is Dharma and what is Adharma, Bh\u1e5bgu in \u0930\u094d\u0928\u0941\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f(2-6) following his predecessors, clearly states the origin of \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f\u2013<\/span>\u0935\u0947\u0926\u094b\u2019\u0916\u0916\u0932\u094b \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0930\u094d\u0942\u0932\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0947\u093f\u0924\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u094d\u091a\u0964\u00a0<\/span>\u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0948\u0935 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0942\u0928\u093e\u0930\u094d\u094d \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0935 \u091a \u0965<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

The entire Veda, the \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093fs ( \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930s) and style of those who learnt Veda, the behaviour of noble men and finally one\u2019s satisfaction - are the origin of \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f\u01c0<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092fis not the same during all \u0930\u094d\u0941\u0930\u094ds, viz. \u0915\u0943 \u093f\u0930\u094d\u0941\u0930\u094d, \u093f\u0947\u093f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0941\u0930\u094d\u094dand,\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092a\u0930\u0930\u094d\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0924\u0932\u0930\u094d\u0941\u0930\u094d----<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0943 \u093f\u0930\u094d\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0947 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u093e\u092f\u0903\u2019\u092a\u0930\u0947\u093f\u0947\u093f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0902\u0964 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092a\u0930\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0947\u091a \u0915\u0924\u0932\u0930\u094d\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0947\u0928\u0944\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0930\u094d\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a\u093f\u0903 \u0965 \u0930\u094d\u0928\u0941\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0903-85,1<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Following the decay of \u0930\u094d\u0941\u0930\u094ds the \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092fsof people are different - they are different in each \u0930\u094d\u0941\u0930\u094d, viz. \u0915\u0943 \u093f , \u093f\u0947\u093f\u093e , \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092a\u0930and \u0915\u0924\u0932 \u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

One has to follow a different \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f(\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0930\u094d\u094d)or code of conduct, has to be followed in each \u0930\u094d\u0941\u0930\u094d In\u0964 \u0915\u0924\u0932\u0930\u094d\u0941\u0930\u094dwe have to follow \u092a\u0930\u093e\u0936\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f(\u0915\u0932\u094c \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0936\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0903)\u01c0<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

While prescribing all-round discipline for a Brahamac\u0101r\u012b, Bh\u1e5bgu in Manusm\u1e5bti, lists the following that are important without time barrier \u2013<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u0909\u092a\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0928\u094d \u0926\u0936\u093e\u091a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0903 \u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u093e\u092f\u0923\u093e\u0902 \u0936\u093f\u0902 \u0924\u092a\u093f\u093e \u0964 \u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u0902\u093f\u0941\u0924\u092a\u093f\u0944\u0928\u0930\u094d\u093e\u093f\u093e \u0930\u094d\u094c\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0923\u093e\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0930\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0947\u0965<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

An \u0100c\u0101rya (one who performs upanayanam and teaches Veda) is ten times more respectable than an Up\u0101dhy\u0101ya (a teacher) . The father is more respectable than an \u0100c\u0101rya by a hundred times. The mother is more respectable than a father by one thousand times.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u0930\u094d\u0902 \u0930\u094d\u093e\u093f\u093e\u0924\u092a\u093f\u0930\u094c \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0902 \u0936\u0935\u0947\u093f\u0947\u0928\u0943\u0923\u093e\u0930\u094d\u094d\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092d \u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u0928 \u093f\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0924\u0928\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0943 \u0924\u093f\u0903 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0941\u0902 \u0935\u0937\u092f\u0936\u093f\u0948\u0930\u0924\u092a\u0965 -\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0941\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0903227 , 2<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\r\n\r\n \r\n

The parents, who tolerate a lot of difficulty in the birth of human beings cannot be paid back even by hundreds of years.<\/p>\r\n

\u093f\u0930\u094d\u094b\u0924\u0928\u092f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902 \u0924\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0930\u094d\u0902 \u0915\u0941 \u0930\u094d\u093e\u092f\u093f\u094d \u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u092f \u091a \u0938\u0935\u092f\u0926\u093e \u0964 \u093f\u0947\u0937\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0935\u0924\u093f\u0937\u0941 \u093f\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0937\u0941 \u093f\u092a\u0903 \u0938\u0935\u092f \u0938\u0930\u094d\u093e\u092a\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0947-\u0965228\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0941\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0903 2<\/p>\r\n

One should satisfy all the three, viz. mother, father and \u0100c\u0101rya regularly. All the Tapas gets completed only after the three are satisfied.<\/p>\r\n

\u093f\u0947\u0937\u093e\u0902 \u093f\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0923\u093e\u0902 \u0936\u0941\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0942\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0930\u0930\u094d\u0902 \u093f\u092a \u0909\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0947 \u0964<\/p>\r\n

\u0928 \u093f\u0948\u0930\u0928\u0928\u0941\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u093f\u0903\u0930\u094d\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0938\u0930\u094d\u093e\u091a\u0930\u0947\u093f\u094d \u0965 \u0930\u094d\u0928\u0941\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0903-229 , 2<\/p>\r\n

Service to the trio, viz. m\u0101t\u0101, pit\u0101 and \u0100c\u0101rya is called \u2018great Tapas\u2019. One should not perform any other Dharma without their permission.<\/p>\r\n

\u0938\u0935\u0947 \u093f\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0943\u093f\u093e \u0927\u0930\u094d\u093e\u092f \u0930\u094d\u0938\u094d\u092f\u0948\u093f\u0947 \u093f\u0930\u094d \u0906\u0926\u0943\u093f\u093e\u0903 \u0964 \u0906\u0928\u093e\u0926\u0943\u093f\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0930\u094d\u0938\u094d\u092f\u0948\u093f\u0947\u0938\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092b\u0932\u093e\u0903 \u0924\u093f\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0903 \u0965 \u0930\u094d\u0928\u0941\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0903-234, 2<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

One who has taken care of his m\u0101t\u0101, pit\u0101 and \u0100c\u0101rya is considered as having taken care of all Dharmas. If a person has not taken care of the trio all his activities are useless.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u015aruti means Veda. Sm\u1e5bti means Dharma\u015b\u0101sram. The latter explains and elaborates the concepts that are there embedded in the former.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In Taittir\u012byopani\u1e63at (\u015a\u012bk\u1e63\u0101valli - 11) the \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092fsare prescribed -- \u0935\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0928\u0942\u091a\u094d\u092f \u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0903 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0924\u0938\u0928\u0930\u094d\u094d \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0936\u093e\u0916\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0964 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902 \u0935\u0926 \u0964 <\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n\r\n\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092f \u091a\u0930\u2026\u2026..\u0964 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0924\u092a\u093f\u0943\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u093e\u092f\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0928\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0926\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0930\u094d\u094d <\/span>\r\n\r\n\u0930\u094d\u093e\u093f\u0943\u0926\u0947\u0935\u094b \u092d\u0935 \u0964 \u0924\u092a\u093f\u0943\u0926\u0947\u0935\u094b \u092d\u0935 \u0964 \u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0926\u0947\u0935\u094b\u2026\u2026\u090f\u0937\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0903\u092d\u0935\u0964 \u0964<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u090f\u0937 \u0909\u092a\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0903 \u0964 \u090f\u0937\u093e \u0935\u0947\u0926\u094b\u092a\u0924\u0928\u0937\u093f\u094d \u0964 \u090f\u093f\u0926\u0928\u0941\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u0930\u094d\u094d \u0964 \u090f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0938\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0930\u094d\u094d\u0964 \u090f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0941 \u091a\u0948\u093f\u0926\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0938\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0930\u094d\u094d \u0964<\/span>\r\n\r\n \r\n

After teaching Veda, \u0100c\u0101rya ordains the disciple - speak the truth, behave as per Dharma :<\/span>\u2026.\u00a0\u00a0 do not be negligent towards the activities related to God, mother and father. Treat your\u00a0<\/span>mother as God. Treat your father as God. Treat your \u0100c\u0101rya as God. \u2026 This is an order. This is a preaching . This is the secret of Veda . This is an Act. One should serve like this. This should be practiced .<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Another Sm\u1e5bti\u00a0 preaches as to how to treat children \u2013\u00a0<\/span>\u0932\u093e\u0932\u0930\u094d\u0947\u093f\u094d \u092a\u091e\u094d\u091a \u0935\u0937\u093e\u092f\u0924\u0923 \u0926\u0936\u0935\u0937\u093e\u092f\u0924\u0923 \u093f\u093e\u0921\u0930\u094d\u0947\u093f\u094d \u0964\u00a0<\/span>\u0937\u094b\u0921\u0936\u0947 \u0935\u0937\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u093f\u0902 \u0924\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0935\u0926\u093e\u091a\u0930\u0947\u093f\u094d \u0965<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Up to the age of five a child should be treated with affection, i.e. should not punish for any misdeed. Ten years after that, i.e. from five to fifteen years the boy \/ girl may be mildly punished. Once the son \/ daughter attains the age of sixteen he \/she should be treated on a par with a friend, i.e. advise him.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Bh\u1e5bgu in Manusm\u1e5bti ordains that a girl should not be left without protection (this verse is mostly misinterpreted by taking the last line only and not appealing to context ) \u2013\u00a0<\/span>\u0924\u092a\u093f\u093e \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094c\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092d\u093f\u093e\u092f \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0930\u094d\u094c\u0935\u0928\u0947 \u0964\u00a0<\/span>\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0916\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0924\u0935\u0930\u0947\u092a\u0941\u093f\u093e \u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0930\u094d \u092f\u0924\u093f \u0965 \u0930\u094d\u0928\u0941\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0903-3 , 9<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Father would protect a girl child until the age of fifteen. During youth, i.e. sixteen to fifty years it is the husband to protect her. Sons \/ daughters will protect a lady during her old age. Thus, a lady should not be left with protection.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

A lady should be respected by all means - insists Bh\u1e5bgu in Manusm\u1e5bti \u2013<\/span>\u0930\u094d\u093f \u0928\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u092a\u0942\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u0930\u0930\u094d\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u093f\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0935\u093f\u093e\u0903 \u0964<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0948\u093f\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0928 \u092a\u0942\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u093e\u092b\u0932\u093e\u0903-56\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0903 \u0964 3<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

All the Gods will be playing in a house wherein the ladies are worshipped. All the activities will become fruitless where the ladies are not worshipped.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

If the ladies are crying the clan would perish quickly and if they are not crying the clan would always flourish - declares Bh\u1e5bgu in Manusm\u1e5bti \u2013<\/span>\u0936\u094b\u091a\u0916\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0930\u094d\u094b \u0930\u094d\u093f \u0924\u0935\u0928\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0936\u0941 \u093f\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0941 \u0932\u0930\u094d\u094d \u0964 \u0928 \u0936\u094b\u091a\u0916\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u093f\u0941\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0948\u093f\u093e \u0935\u0927\u092f\u093f\u0947 \u093f\u0916\u093f \u0938\u0935\u092f\u0926\u093e \u0965<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

The wife should be engaged in different activities - says Bh\u1e5bgu (Manusm\u1e5bti, 9-11)<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u0905\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u0947 \u091a\u0948\u0928\u093e\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0930\u094d\u0947 \u091a\u0948\u0935 \u0924\u0928\u0930\u094d\u094b\u091c\u0930\u094d\u0947\u093f\u094d \u0964<\/span>\u0936\u094c\u091a\u0947 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u0947\u2019\u0928\u094d\u0928\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0924\u094d\u093e\u0902 \u091a \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u0947 \u0965<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

One should put his wife on the job of earning money as well as spending. And also in cleaning , Dharma Karma, cooking and overall upkeep of the house<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

What if a girl is not married by her father - Bh\u1e5bgu responds \u2013\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u093f\u0940\u0924\u0923 \u0935\u0937\u093e\u092f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0926\u0940\u094d\u0937\u0947\u093f\u0915\u0941\u0930\u094d\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0943\u092f\u093f\u0941\u0930\u094d\u093f\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0940 \u0964\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u0927\u094d\u0902 \u093f\u0941 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0926\u0947\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u093f\u094d \u0924\u0935\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0947\u093f \u0938\u0926\u0943\u0936\u0902Manusm\u092a\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094d\u094d\u1e5bti,9\u0965-90<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

A girl, who has reached the age of puberty should wait for three years to get married by her parents. And after that she should get a suitable husband.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
you can view video on Vedic Thought \u2013 1 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n\"\"<\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nWeb links<\/strong>\r\n