{"id":47,"date":"2019-07-17T10:07:13","date_gmt":"2019-07-17T10:07:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hsp15.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/?post_type=chapter&p=47"},"modified":"2019-07-17T10:48:40","modified_gmt":"2019-07-17T10:48:40","slug":"women-entrepreneurship-development","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/hsp15\/chapter\/women-entrepreneurship-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Women Entrepreneurship Development"},"content":{"raw":"
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Introduction:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

In India, women constitute half of the world population. But their representation in gainful employment is very low. At present, there is a great awakening among women. Educating women is necessary in strengthening their personality.<\/p>\r\n \r\n

It is rightly said, \u201cTo awaken people, it is the women who must be awakened. Once she is on the move, the family moves, the village moves and the nation moves\u201d. This is the time that countries should create a suitable support system for encouraging more entrepreneurship amongst women.<\/p>\r\n \r\n

Objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

At the end of this chapter, you will be clear about<\/p>\r\n \r\n

The concept and different types of women entrepreneurs<\/p>\r\n \r\n

Obstacles being faced by middle class women entrepreneurs in India Entrepreneurial growth after independence<\/p>\r\n \r\n

Recommendations and suggestions for the development of women entrepreneurship<\/p>\r\n \r\n

Definition of woman entrepreneur<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Woman entrepreneur is a person who would like to face risks because of adventures spirit she possesses. As per the notes of government of India<\/p>\r\n \r\n

\u201cAn enterprise owned and controlled by a women having a minimum financial interest of 51 % of capital and giving at least 51 % of the employment generated by the enterprise to women. The different types of women entrepreneurs in India.<\/p>\r\n \r\n

In India there are 5 types of women entrepreneurs They are<\/p>\r\n \r\n\r\n1.\u00a0\u00a0 Affluent entrepreneurs.\r\n\r\n2.\u00a0\u00a0 Pull Factors\r\n\r\n3.\u00a0\u00a0 Push Factors<\/span>\r\n\r\n4.\u00a0\u00a0 Self Employed Entrepreneurs and<\/span>\r\n\r\n5.\u00a0\u00a0 Rural Entrepreneurs<\/span>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAffluent entrepreneurs<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n

Affluent entrepreneurs are those women, hailing from rich business families and select their trade in film distribution, beauty parlour, interior decoration, etc, and carry out their work with the help of their family members.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n\r\nPull Factors<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n

How many of you are aware about this type of entrepreneur?<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

This type of entrepreneurs are educated women in cities take up entrepreneurship as a challenge to do something new and to be economically independent. They usually take low risk enterprises like establishing schools, catering centres, restaurants, grocery shops, etc,.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n\r\nPush Factors<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n

These entrepreneurs are those who accepts entrepreneurial activities to overcome family difficulties. The family situation forces them to start a new venture or to develop the existing family business.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Self Employed<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

We know that women entrepreneurs are mostly undertake self employment ventures. This type of women are from very poor family and start mini enterprise like bamboo making, broom making, candle making, tailoring firm or providing tea and coffee to schools and offices are called self employed entrepreneurs.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Finally Rural Entrepreneurs<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

This type of entrepreneurs are hailing from rural areas and select less risk trade like preparation of fruit juices, pickle making, pappad making, etc.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Though women have lots of business skills in them, there is no body to encourage and motivate them in entrepreneurship. As a result they have to face many problems even before starting their enterprise and also while doing their business.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

OBSTACLES BEING FACED BY WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN INDIA <\/strong>The major problems faced by women entrepreneurs are<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Lack of Finance and Problem of Liquidity<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

The main problem faced by the women and small entrepreneurs are in-adequate finance and working capital. The family members do not like to take risk in spending money in ventures run by women. Moreover banks also have negative attitude on women thinking that they may not able to repay the amount. Hence the female entrepreneurs trust their personal savings and loans from their friends.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Inadequacy of Raw Materials<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Due to scarcity of raw materials and other necessary equipments women entrepreneurs finds difficult to run a business.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Family Responsibilities<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

As far as women are concerned, managing family is more complicated than running a business. Hence the women entrepreneurs cannot put their total involvement in the venture. Occupational backgrounds of the family members and literacy level of their husbands has a direct impact on the success of women entrepreneurship.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Low Literacy Level<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

In India more than 60% of women are illiterate. The family think that spending money for women education is a liability. Lack of education and experience leads further problem in starting a business.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Low Confidence to Face Risks<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Usually women lead a protected life by their family members. Since she is not economically independent, she may not have confidence to face the risks. This leads to failure in her venture.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Lack of Training<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Without proper skill training in Income Generating Activities or other business related activities, it is very difficult for women to start a business.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Lack of Information regarding Credit Facilities<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Women Entrepreneurs are not aware of the information about the availability of credit facilities, subsides and concessions available for women to start a business. Students,<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

If the women entrepreneurs over come all these problems, it is sure that they all will shine as successful entrepreneurs.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n

We have some suggestive measures for the women entrepreneurs in order to face challenges in their respective trade.<\/span><\/p>\r\n \r\n