{"id":20,"date":"2019-06-21T11:08:27","date_gmt":"2019-06-21T11:08:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hrmp02.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/?post_type=chapter&p=20"},"modified":"2022-01-10T09:28:05","modified_gmt":"2022-01-10T09:28:05","slug":"20","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/hrmp02\/chapter\/20\/","title":{"rendered":"Concept of Management"},"content":{"raw":"
\"epgp<\/a>\r\n<\/span><\/div>\r\n
\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n1.1\u00a0 Learning Objective\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n1.2\u00a0 Introduction\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n1.3\u00a0 Definitions\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n1.4\u00a0 Principles of Management\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n1.5\u00a0 Levels of Management\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n1.6 Nature of Management\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n1.7 Scope of Management\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n1.8 Summary\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nLearning Objective<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAfter completing this module, you will be able to:\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n1. To understand about management fundamentals\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n2. To inculcate professionalism in management practices\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n3. To get knowledge of management functions and applications\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nIntroduction<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n

A more elaborate definition given by George R. Terry. He defines management as a process \"consisting of planning, organizing, actuating and controlling, performed to determine and accomplish the objectives by the use of people and resources.\" Firstly it considers management as a \"process,\" i.e. a systematic way of doing things. Secondly, it states four management activities: Planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling. Planning is thinking of actions in advance. Organizing is coordination of the human and material resources of an organization. Actuating is motivation and direction of subordinates. Controlling means the attempt to ensure no deviation from the norm or plan. Thirdly it states that manager uses people and other resources. For example, a manager who wants to increase the sales might try not only to increase the sales force but also to increase advertising budget. And fourthly, it states that management involves the act of achieving the organization's objectives.<\/p>\r\n \r\n\r\nConcept<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nDefinitions<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

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\u201cManagement is the art of getting things done through others.\u201d Follett describes management as an art of directing the activities of other persons for reaching enterprise goals. It also suggests that a manager carries only a directing function.<\/p>\r\n \r\n\r\n-Mary Parker Follett:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nHarold Koontz:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n

\u201cManagement is the art of getting things done through and with people in formally organized groups.\u201d Koontz has emphasized that management is getting the work done with the co-operation of people working in the organization.<\/p>\r\n \r\n\r\nJ.D. Mooney and A.C. Railey:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n

\u201cManagement is the art of directing and inspiring people.\u201d Management not only directs but motivates people in the organization for getting their best for obtaining objectives.<\/p>\r\n \r\n

As per the above-mentioned definitions, management is the art of getting things done through people who may be managers or non-managers. At the level of chief executive, the work is getting done through functional managers, at the middle level the things are implemented through supervisors and at a lower level of management through workers. Human and technical skills play an important role in getting things done. These definitions represent the traditional viewpoint of management while workers are treated as a factor of production only. They are paid wages for doing their work.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

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Source: https:\/\/www.managementstudyguide.com\/management_functions.htm<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n

Management involves characteristics of both art and science. While certain aspects of management make it a science, certain others which involve the application of skills make it art. Every discipline of art is always backed by science which is basic knowledge of that art. Similarly, every discipline of science is complete only when it is used in practice for solving various kinds of problems. Whereas under \"science\" one normally learns the \"why\" of a phenomenon, under \"art\" one learns the \"how\" of it. In the words of Robert H. Hilkert: \"In the area of management, science and art are two sides of the same coin\".<\/p>\r\n \r\n

Management as an Art<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nManagement can be an art in the sense that it has the following characteristics:\r\n