{"id":117,"date":"2018-07-24T06:45:03","date_gmt":"2018-07-24T06:45:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ftp6.epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=117"},"modified":"2019-05-16T11:20:08","modified_gmt":"2019-05-16T11:20:08","slug":"stunning-and-slaughtering-of-poultry","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/ftp6\/chapter\/stunning-and-slaughtering-of-poultry\/","title":{"rendered":"STUNNING AND SLAUGHTERING OF POULTRY"},"content":{"raw":"<div><span style=\"float: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/cGmAWsAWL30\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img src=\"http:\/\/epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/download.png\" alt=\"epgp books\" width=\"75px\" height=\"75px;\" \/><\/a>\r\n<\/span><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The welfare of birds during slaughter is protected by law and must be integral to every processing plant's Standard Operating Procedure Stunning methods should be<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>minimize the risk of causing pain<\/li>\r\n \t<li>fear or distress to the birds.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Stunning must render the birds immediately insensible to pain<\/li>\r\n \t<li>excitement or distress.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>STUNNING METHOD<\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Poultry may be stunned by<\/span>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">1. Electronarcosis<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">2. percussive stunning (captive-bolt)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">3. controlled atmosphere (gas) stunning.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>ELECTRICAL STUNNING<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>This is achieved by passing a current through the bird that causes immediate loss of consciousness and sensibility to pain.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Hand-held electrodes for small flocks or through an electrified water bath where larger throughputs are required.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The current must be of sufficient strength and duration to ensure that the birds are render.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>SIGNS OF AN EFFECTIVE ELECTRICAL STUNNING<\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u2022 Neck arched with head held vertically<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u2022 No rhythmic breathing<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u2022 Rigidly extended legs<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u2022 Constant, rapid body tremors<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u2022 Absence of a third eyelid reflex wings held tightly against body<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE STUNNING (CAS)<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Birds killed by exposure to appropriate anoxic gas mixtures The signs of an effective stunning:-<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A relaxed and recumbent body<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Absence of the nictitating membrane (third eyelid) Comparisonreflex of the basic nutritional<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Fully dilated pupils<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Absence of rhythmic breathing.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>CONCUSSION STUNNING<\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nAchieved by a blow to the head using a captive-bolt instrument Signs of an effective stun:-\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n\u2022 Absence of rhythmic breathing\r\n\r\n\u2022 Uncontrolled wing flapping\r\n\r\n\u2022 Leg flexion and extension\r\n\r\n\u2022 Absence of vocalization\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">NECK DISLOCATION<\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">It cause rupturing of the spine and concussion<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Methods that crush the neck\u00a0 do not cause concussion<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Their use is therefore NOT recommended.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>It is important that a technician applying neck dislocation is mentally prepared<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>SLAUGHTER OF \"MEAT-TYPE\" BIRDS<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Live Hang<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Electrical Immobilization<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Neck Cutting<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Bleed Out Tunnel and Scald Tank<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ruptured Blood Vessels<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Gas Stunning<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Slaughter, CO2\u00a0 Gassing,<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>SLAUGHTER LAWS FOR POULTRY<\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n\"Humane\" Poultry Slaughter Bills Introduced in the U.S. in the 1990s\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n1. 1957 Poultry Products Inspection Act\r\n\r\n2. 1906 Meat Inspection Act\r\n\r\n3. 1958 Humane Methods of Slaughter Act.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">FUTURE PROSPECTS<\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Federal Legislation in the U.S.Imoroved by<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n1. Slaughter Act (1958)\r\n\r\n2.1957 Poultry Products Inspection Act\r\n\r\n3.State Anti-Cruelty Laws in the U.S.\r\n\r\n4.Eliminate\/Prohibit Electrical \"Stunning\u201c\r\n\r\n5.Pre-Stun Shocks\r\n\r\n6.Gas Stunning\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><strong>you can view video on STUNNING AND SLAUGHTERING OF POULTRY<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/cGmAWsAWL30\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-120\" src=\"http:\/\/epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/download.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"36\" height=\"36\" \/><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Suggested readings<\/strong>\r\n<div>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Gregory N.G (2005). Recent concerns about stunning and slaughter. <em>Meat Science<\/em> 70:481\u2013491<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Tsola E., Drosinos E.H., Zoiopoulos P. (2008). Impact of poultry slaughter house modernisation and updating of food safety management systems on the microbiological quality and safety of products. <em>Food Control<\/em> 19: 423\u2013431<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">James C., Vincen C., de Andrade Lima T.I., James S.J. (2006) .The primary chilling of poultry carcasses a review. <em style=\"font-size: 1em\">International Journal<\/em> <em style=\"font-size: 1em\">of Refrigeration <\/em><span style=\"font-size: 1em\">29: 847- 862<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Raj, A.B.M. (2006) \u201c<em>Recent developments in stunning and slaughter of<\/em> <em>poultry<\/em>\u201d. In World\u2019s Poultry Science Journal, Vol 62, September 2006<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: justify\">L\u00f6hren, U; Overview on current practices of poultry slaughtering and poultry meat inspection. Supporting Publications 2012:EN-298. [58 pp.]. Available online: www.efsa.europa.eu\/publications.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div><span style=\"float: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/cGmAWsAWL30\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/download.png\" alt=\"epgp books\" width=\"75px\" height=\"75px;\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The welfare of birds during slaughter is protected by law and must be integral to every processing plant&#8217;s Standard Operating Procedure Stunning methods should be<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>minimize the risk of causing pain<\/li>\n<li>fear or distress to the birds.<\/li>\n<li>Stunning must render the birds immediately insensible to pain<\/li>\n<li>excitement or distress.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>STUNNING METHOD<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Poultry may be stunned by<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">1. Electronarcosis<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">2. percussive stunning (captive-bolt)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">3. controlled atmosphere (gas) stunning.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>ELECTRICAL STUNNING<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li>This is achieved by passing a current through the bird that causes immediate loss of consciousness and sensibility to pain.<\/li>\n<li>Hand-held electrodes for small flocks or through an electrified water bath where larger throughputs are required.<\/li>\n<li>The current must be of sufficient strength and duration to ensure that the birds are render.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>SIGNS OF AN EFFECTIVE ELECTRICAL STUNNING<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u2022 Neck arched with head held vertically<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u2022 No rhythmic breathing<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u2022 Rigidly extended legs<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u2022 Constant, rapid body tremors<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u2022 Absence of a third eyelid reflex wings held tightly against body<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE STUNNING (CAS)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Birds killed by exposure to appropriate anoxic gas mixtures The signs of an effective stunning:-<\/li>\n<li>A relaxed and recumbent body<\/li>\n<li>Absence of the nictitating membrane (third eyelid) Comparisonreflex of the basic nutritional<\/li>\n<li>Fully dilated pupils<\/li>\n<li>Absence of rhythmic breathing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>CONCUSSION STUNNING<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Achieved by a blow to the head using a captive-bolt instrument Signs of an effective stun:-<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Absence of rhythmic breathing<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Uncontrolled wing flapping<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Leg flexion and extension<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Absence of vocalization<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">NECK DISLOCATION<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">It cause rupturing of the spine and concussion<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Methods that crush the neck\u00a0 do not cause concussion<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Their use is therefore NOT recommended.<\/li>\n<li>It is important that a technician applying neck dislocation is mentally prepared<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>SLAUGHTER OF &#8220;MEAT-TYPE&#8221; BIRDS<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Live Hang<\/li>\n<li>Electrical Immobilization<\/li>\n<li>Neck Cutting<\/li>\n<li>Bleed Out Tunnel and Scald Tank<\/li>\n<li>Ruptured Blood Vessels<\/li>\n<li>Gas Stunning<\/li>\n<li>Slaughter, CO2\u00a0 Gassing,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>SLAUGHTER LAWS FOR POULTRY<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Humane&#8221; Poultry Slaughter Bills Introduced in the U.S. in the 1990s<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1. 1957 Poultry Products Inspection Act<\/p>\n<p>2. 1906 Meat Inspection Act<\/p>\n<p>3. 1958 Humane Methods of Slaughter Act.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">FUTURE PROSPECTS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Federal Legislation in the U.S.Imoroved by<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1. Slaughter Act (1958)<\/p>\n<p>2.1957 Poultry Products Inspection Act<\/p>\n<p>3.State Anti-Cruelty Laws in the U.S.<\/p>\n<p>4.Eliminate\/Prohibit Electrical &#8220;Stunning\u201c<\/p>\n<p>5.Pre-Stun Shocks<\/p>\n<p>6.Gas Stunning<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>you can view video on STUNNING AND SLAUGHTERING OF POULTRY<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/cGmAWsAWL30\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-120\" src=\"http:\/\/epgpbooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/download.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"36\" height=\"36\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Suggested readings<\/strong><\/p>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Gregory N.G (2005). Recent concerns about stunning and slaughter. <em>Meat Science<\/em> 70:481\u2013491<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Tsola E., Drosinos E.H., Zoiopoulos P. (2008). Impact of poultry slaughter house modernisation and updating of food safety management systems on the microbiological quality and safety of products. <em>Food Control<\/em> 19: 423\u2013431<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">James C., Vincen C., de Andrade Lima T.I., James S.J. (2006) .The primary chilling of poultry carcasses a review. <em style=\"font-size: 1em\">International Journal<\/em> <em style=\"font-size: 1em\">of Refrigeration <\/em><span style=\"font-size: 1em\">29: 847- 862<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">Raj, A.B.M. (2006) \u201c<em>Recent developments in stunning and slaughter of<\/em> <em>poultry<\/em>\u201d. In World\u2019s Poultry Science Journal, Vol 62, September 2006<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">L\u00f6hren, U; Overview on current practices of poultry slaughtering and poultry meat inspection. Supporting Publications 2012:EN-298. [58 pp.]. Available online: www.efsa.europa.eu\/publications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"menu_order":17,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-117","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":3,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/ftp6\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/117","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/ftp6\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/ftp6\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/ftp6\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/ftp6\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/117\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":294,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/ftp6\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/117\/revisions\/294"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/ftp6\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/ftp6\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/117\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/ftp6\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=117"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/ftp6\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=117"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/ftp6\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=117"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in\/ftp6\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=117"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}