13 Canning of meat
Miss Aarti A
Canning Meat, Poultry and Game
- Low-acid foods
- Processed in a pressure canner to ensure safety.
- It is important to precisely follow the procedures specified for each type of product.
Safe and Quality Canned Meat
• Check dial gauges on pressure canners annually.
• Use only good quality poultry, red meat, and game for canning.
• Chill meat soon after slaughter to 40°F or lower to keep it from spoiling.
• If you are not able to can the meat within a few days of slaughter, freeze it. Keep frozen until ready to can it, and then thaw in a refrigerator.
• Keep all work areas sanitary and meat clean.
• Trim gristle, bruised spots, and fat off meat before canning.
• Vent the pressure canner for 10 minutes before starting the canning process.
Procedures for Canning Meats
Chicken or Rabbit
- Choose freshly killed and dressed animals ØLarge chickens are more flavourful than fryers ØChill dressed chicken 6–12 hours before canning.
- Soak dressed rabbits 1 hour in water containing 1 tablespoon of salt per quart and then rinse. Remove excess fat.
- Cut the chicken or rabbit into suitable sizes for canning ØCan with or without bones
Hot pack : Boil, steam, or bake meat until about two-third
• Add 1 teaspoon salt per quart if desired for taste. Fill jars with pieces and hot broth, leaving 1¼ inch headspace.
Raw pack : Add 1 teaspoon salt per quart if desired for taste.
Ground or Chopped Meat
- Choose fresh chilled meat. With venison
- Add 1 part high quality pork fat to 3 or 4 parts venison before grinding.
- Use freshly made sausage seasoned with salt and cayenne pepper (sage may cause a bitter off-flavour).
- Shape chopped meat into patties or balls or cut cased sausage into 3–4-inch links.
- Cook until lightly browned. Ground meat may be sautéed without shaping.
- Remove excess fat. Fill jars with pieces.
- Add boiling meat broth, tomato juice, or water, leaving 1 inch headspace
Meat Stock (Broth)
Beef: Saw or crack fresh trimmed beef bones to release their flavour.
• Rinse bones and place in a large stockpot or kettle, cover bones with water, cover pot, and simmer 3–4 hours.
• Remove bones, cool broth, and pick off meat. Skim off fat, add meat removed from bones to broth, and reheat to boiling.
• Fill jars, leaving 1 inch headspace.
• Wipe jar rims with a dampened, clean paper towel.
Chicken or turkey
• Place large carcass bones in a large stockpot
• Cover bones with water, cover pot, and simmer 30–45 minutes or until meat can be easily stripped from bones.
• Remove bones and pieces, cool broth, strip meat from bones, remove and discard excess fat, and return meat to broth
• Reheat to boiling and fill jars, leaving 1 inch headspace.
• Wipe jar rims with a dampened clean paper towel.
Safety Checklist for canning
• Over-packed jars do not heat as evenly as correctly packed jars.
• Boiling water canners or steamers do not produce temperatures high enough to kill botulism
• Never can in an oven (electric, gas, wood-burning, or microwave).
• Be sure the pressure canner dial gauge is accurate.
• Each time you use a pressure canner, check to see that the petcock and safety valve are not blocked.
• Always exhaust (remove) air from a pressure canner for 10 minutes before letting pressure build.
• Increase pressure at altitudes above 1,000 feet for weighted gauge canners or 2,000 feet for dial-gauge canners to reach the (240°F) for pressure canning.
• Never can meat products for which processing times are not done.
• For an extra guarantee of safety, boil home-canned meats before eating them. At altitudes below 1,000 feet, boil for 10 minutes; add an additional minute of boiling time for each additional 1,000 feet of elevation.
Process Times for a Dial-Gauge Pressure Canner
Suggested Readings
- Complete Guide to Home Canning, USDA Agricultural Information Bulletin 539, December 2009, and Home Canning Meat, FN188, North Dakota State University, 2009.
- Originally compiled in 1999 by Val Hillers, Washington State University Extension Food Specialist. Updated in 2010 by Lizann Powers-Hammond, WSU Extension Area Educator; and Karen Killinger, WSU Extension Food Safety Specialist.
- Reviewed in 2010 by Sandra McCurdy, University of Idaho Food Safety Specialist; and Carolyn Raab, Oregon State University Extension Food and Nutrition Specialist.